1.

Đặt \(P=\left|\overrightarrow{AD}+3\overrightarrow{AB}\right|\Rightarrow P^2=AD^2+9AB^2+6\overrightarrow{AD}.\overrightarrow{AB}\)

\(=AD^2+9AB^2=10AB^2=10a^2\)

\(\Rightarrow P=a\sqrt{10}\)

2.

Tam giác ABC đều nên AM là trung tuyến đồng thời là đường cao \(\Rightarrow AM\perp BM\)

\(AM=\dfrac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}\) ; \(BM=\dfrac{a}{2}\)

\(T=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MB}\right|\)

\(\Rightarrow T^2=MA^2+4MB^2+4\overrightarrow{MA}.\overrightarrow{MB}=MA^2+4MB^2\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{a\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+4\left(\dfrac{a}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{7a^2}{4}\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{a\sqrt{7}}{2}\)

3.

\(T=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CG}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{CA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\right|\)

\(=\left|\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\Rightarrow T^2=\dfrac{16}{9}AB^2+\dfrac{4}{9}AC^2-\dfrac{16}{9}\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}\)

\(=\dfrac{20}{9}AB^2-\dfrac{16}{9}AB^2.cos60^0=\dfrac{20}{9}a^2-\dfrac{16}{9}a^2.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{4}{3}a^2\)

\(\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{3}}\)

một đường tròn

Gọi G là trọng tâm ΔABC

⇒ VT = 6MG

VP  = \(\left|2\left(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right)+\overrightarrow{MC}-\overrightarrow{MA}\right|\)

VP = \(\left|6\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\)

Xác định điểm I sao cho \(6\overrightarrow{IG}+\overrightarrow{AC}=\overrightarrow{0}\) (cái này chắc bạn làm được)

VP = \(\left|6\overrightarrow{MI}+6\overrightarrow{IG}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right|\)

VP = 6 MI

Khi VT = VP thì MG = MI

⇒ M nằm trên đường trung trực của IG

Tập hợp các điểm M : "Đường trung trực của IG"

\(\text{a) }\left|2\overrightarrow{MA}+3\overrightarrow{MB}\right|=\left|3\overrightarrow{MB}-2\overrightarrow{MC}\right|\\ \Rightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}+3\overrightarrow{MB}\right)^2=\left(3\overrightarrow{MB}-2\overrightarrow{MC}\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}+3\overrightarrow{MB}\right)^2-\left(3\overrightarrow{MB}-2\overrightarrow{MC}\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}+3\overrightarrow{MB}-3\overrightarrow{MB}+2\overrightarrow{MC}\right)\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}+3\overrightarrow{MB}+3\overrightarrow{MB}-2\overrightarrow{MC}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MC}\right)\left[2\left(\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MC}\right)+6\overrightarrow{MB}\right]=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{CA}+3\overrightarrow{MB}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MC}=0\\\overrightarrow{CA}+3\overrightarrow{MB}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{MA}=-\overrightarrow{MC}\\\overrightarrow{CA}=-3\overrightarrow{MB}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}M;A;C\text{ thẳng hàng };M\text{ nằm giữa }A;C\\MA=MC\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CA//MB\\CA=3MB\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}M\text{ là trung điểm }AC\\CA//MB;CA=3MB\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy......

\(b\text{) }\left|4\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right|=\left|2\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MC}\right|\\ \Rightarrow\left(4\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right)^2=\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MC}\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow\left(4\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right)^2-\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MC}\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(4\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}-2\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right)\left(4\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}+2\overrightarrow{MA}-\overrightarrow{MB}-\overrightarrow{MC}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(2\overrightarrow{MA}+2\overrightarrow{MB}+2\overrightarrow{MC}\right)\cdot6\overrightarrow{MA}=0\\ \Rightarrow\overrightarrow{MA}\left(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\overrightarrow{MA}=0\\\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}M\equiv A\\M\text{ là trọng tâm }\Delta ABC\end{matrix}\right.\)Vậy...........