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a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

MgCO₃ + 2CH₃COOH ---> (CH₃COO)₂Mg + CO₂ + H₂O

a---------->2a-------------------->a----------------->a

CaCO₃ + 2CH₃COOH ---> (CH₃COO)₂Ca + CO₂ + H₂O

b---------->2b------------------>b------------------>b

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}84a+100b=31,8\\a+b=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCO_3}=0,2.84=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{CaCO_3}=0,15.100=15\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{31,8}.100\%=52,8\%\\\%m_{CaCO_3}=100\%-52,8\%=47,2\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(V_{dd}=\dfrac{2.0,2+2.0,15}{2}=0,35\left(l\right)\)

c) \(m_{muối}=0,2.142+0,15.158=52,1\left(g\right)\)

2CH3COOH+CaCO3-to>(CH3COO)2Ca+H2O+CO2

0,4-----------------0,2----------------------------------------0,2

2CH3COOH+CaO->(CH3COO)2Ca+H2O

0,1----------------0,05

n CO2=0,2 mol

=>%m CaCO3=\(\dfrac{0,2.100}{22,8}100=87,72\%\)

=>%m CaO=12,28%

=>n CaO=0,05 mol

=>VCH3COOH=\(\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25l\)

a)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaCO₃ + 2CH₃COOH --> (CH₃COO)₂Ca + CO₂ + H₂O

                0,2<---------0,4<------------------------------0,2

=> \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20\left(g\right)\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{22,8}=87,72\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-87,72\%=12,28\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{22,8-20}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaO + 2CH₃COOH --> (CH₃COO)₂Ca + H₂O

            0,05---->0,1

=> \(V_{dd.CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,1+0,4}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{a}{60}\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{1,5a}{46}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5}=\dfrac{1,2a}{88}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH --H₂SO_4(đ),t^o--> CH₃COOC₂H₅ + H₂O

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{a}{60}}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{1,5a}{46}}{1}\) => HIệu suất tính theo CH₃COOH

\(n_{CH_3COOH\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1,2a}{88}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(H=\dfrac{\dfrac{1,2a}{88}}{\dfrac{a}{60}}.100\%=81,82\%\)

a) Bảo toàn nguyên tố H : \(n_{HCl}.1=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

=> nH2=0,3(mol)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

b) Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng :

 \(m_{ct}=m_{kl}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2}=10,4+0,6.36,5-0,3.2=31,7\left(g\right)\)

\(Đặt:nMg=a\left(mol\right),n_{MgCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{khí}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(a................a.......a\)

\(MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

\(b....................b........b\)

\(m_X=24a+84b=13.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{khí}=a+b=0.3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.2,b=0.1\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.2\cdot24=4.8\left(g\right),m_{MgCO_3}=0.1\cdot84=8.4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddB}=13.2+200-0.2\cdot2-0.1\cdot44=208.4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{MgCl_2}=0.3\cdot95=28.5\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%MgCl_2=\dfrac{28.5}{208.4}\cdot100\%=13.67\%\)

a, gọi a= nFe

           b= nFeO

=> 56a + 72b= 12,8 (1)

Fe +H2SO4 -> FeSO4 +H2

a        b                b                a

FeO +H2SO4 -> FeSO4 +H2O

b          b                b

a=nH2 = 2,24/22,4= 0,1 mol

từ (1) => b= 0,1 

mFe= 56.0,1=5,6(g)

m FeO = 72.0,1= 7,2(g)

b, nH2SO4 (bđ) = 0,25 mol

nH2SO4 pứ = a+b =0,2 mol

=> nH2SO4 dư = 0,25-0,2=0,05 mol

2NaOH +H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 +2H2O

0,1              0,05

V(NaOH)= 0,1/ 1= 0,1 lit =100ml

E tham khảo! Anh nãy làm tại câu hỏi bấm lộn xóa

1)

$MgO + 2HCl to MgCl_2 + H_2O$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$

2)

$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Mg} = 0,1.24 = 2,4(gam)$
$m_{MgO} = 4,4 - 2,4 = 2(gam)$

3)

$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} + 2n_{MgO} = 0,1.2 + \dfrac{2}{40}.2 = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít) = 150(ml)$

Đổi: 400ml = 0,4l

nHCl = CM.V = 0,4 (mol)

Pthh:

FeO    +   2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2O

 0,025      0,05        0,025

CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

0,1            0,2          0,1                      0,1

nCO2 = V/22,4 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1 (mol)

=> mCaCO3 = M.n = 100 x 0,1 = 10 (g)

=> mFeO = 1,8 (g) => nFeO = 0,025 (mol)

=> nHCl(dư) = 0,4 - 0,2 - 0,05 = 0,15 (mol)

+) CMHCl(dư) = n/V = 0,15/0,4 = 0,375 mol

+) CMFeCl2 = n/V = 0,025/4 = 0,0625 mol

+) CMCaCl2 = n/V = 0,1/4 = 0,25 mol

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:MgCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCO_3}=0,1\cdot84=8,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{8,4}{10,4}\cdot100\%\approx80,77\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{MgO}=100\%-80,77\%=19,23\%\)

\(b,m_{MgO}=10,4-8,4=2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgO}=\dfrac{2}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgCO_3}+n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{14,7}{9,8\%}=150\left(g\right)\\ \sum n_{MgSO_4}=\sum n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\sum m_{MgSO_4}=0,15\cdot120=18\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{18}{10,4+150-0,1\cdot44}\approx11,54\%\)

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