Em mới học lớp 7

1. 

Ta có: \(\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+2ac-1}{2017+c}\)

\(=\frac{b+c+4033}{2015+a}+\frac{c+a+4032}{2016+b}+\frac{a+b+4031}{2017+c}\)

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}2015+a=x\\2016+b=y\\2017+c=z\end{cases}}\)

\(P=\frac{b+c+4033}{2015+a}+\frac{c+a+4032}{2016+b}+\frac{a+b+4031}{2017+c}\)

\(=\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}=\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}\cdot\frac{x}{z}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}\cdot\frac{z}{y}}\left(Cosi\right)\)

Dấu "=" <=> x=y=z => \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=673\\b=672\\c=671\end{cases}}\)

Vậy Min P=6 khi a=673; b=672; c=671

Câu 1 thử cộng 3 vào P xem 

Rồi áp dụng BDT Cauchy - Schwars : a^2/x + b^2/y + c^2/z ≥(a + b + c)^2/(x + y + z)

Câu 2 có gì đó sai sai

\(P=\frac{x\left(x+5\right)+y\left(y+5\right)+2\left(xy-3\right)}{x\left(x+6\right)+y\left(y+6\right)+2xy}\)

\(=\frac{x^2+5x+y^2+5y+2xy-6}{x^2+6x+y^2+6y+2xy}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+5\left(x+y\right)-6}{\left(x+y\right)^2+6\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+5\right)-6}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+6\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2005\times\left(2005+5\right)-6}{2005\times\left(2005+6\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2005\times2010-6}{2005\times2011}\)

\(=\frac{2004}{2005}\)

1/ Với số dương ta luôn có \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\) (Cauchy hoặc quy đồng chuyển vế sẽ chứng minh được dễ dàng). Ta cần chứng minh:

\(\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2}+2.\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{x}+2\ge3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)^2+2\ge3\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)\) (1)

Đặt \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=a\ge2\) thì (1) trở thành:

\(a^2+2\ge3a\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a+2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a-2\right)\ge0\) (2)

Do \(a\ge2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-1>0\\a-2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a-2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2\right)\) đúng, vậy BĐT được chứng minh. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)

2/ \(B=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y\right)+12\left(x^2-2x\right)+3\left(y^2+6y\right)+2045\)

\(B=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(y^2+6y+12\right)+3\left(y^2-6y+12\right)-36+2045\)

\(B=\left(x^2-2x+3\right)\left(y^2+6y+12\right)+2009\)

\(B=\left[\left(x-1\right)^2+2\right]\left[\left(y+3\right)^2+3\right]+2009\)

Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2+2\ge2\\\left(y+3\right)^2+3\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow B\ge2.3+2009=2015\)

\(\Rightarrow B_{min}=2015\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)