\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

0,1<-----------------------------------0,15

Cu + 2H₂SO₄ ---> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

0,1<--------------------------------0,1

=> m = (56 + 64).0,1 = 12 (g)

a) Gọi số mol Mg, Al, Fe trong m gam hỗn hợp là a, b, c (mol)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

_______a--------------------->a------->a_______(mol)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

_b-------------------->b------->1,5b___________(mol)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

_c------------------>c------->c_______________(mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+1,5b+c=0,35\left(1\right)\\95a+133,5b+127c=35,55\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác:

PTHH: \(Mg+Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgCl_2\)

_______a--------------->a_________(mol)

\(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2AlCl_3\)

_b----------------->b______________(mol)

\(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)

_c------------------>c______________(mol)

=> 95a + 133,5b + 162,5 = 39,1 (3)

(1)(2)(3) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

=> m = 24.0,1 + 27.01 + 56.0,1 = 10,7(g)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=24.0,1=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=27.0,1=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=56.0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

1) 
nNO3(-) trong muối = nNO2 + 3nNO + 8nN2O + 10nN2 = x + 3y + 8z + 10t 
m muối = m kim loại + mNO3(-) = a + 62.(x + 3y + 8z + 10t) 
vậy chọn đáp án A 

2) 
nNO3(-) trong muối = 62g => nNO3(-) = 1mol 
2Cu(NO3)2 => 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2 
4Fe(NO3)3 => 2Fe2O3 + 12NO2 + 3O2 
Zn(NO3)2 => 2ZnO + 4NO2 + O2 
nNO2 = nNO3(-) = 1 mol 
nO2 = nNO2/4 = 1/4 = 0,25mol 
=> m chất rắn = m + 62 - 46 - 32.0,25 = m + 8 
vậy chọn đáp án A  

3) 
khí ko màu, ko mùi, ko duy trì sự cháy => N2 
2N(+5) + 10e => N2 
________0,1<----0,01 
M => M(+n) + n e 
0,1/n<----------0,1 
=> M = 12/(0,1/n) = 12n 
n = 1 => M = 12 (loại) 
n = 2 => M = 24(nhận) 
n = 3 => M = 36 (loại) 
=> M là Mg 
vậy chọn đáp ánD 

Y tác dụng NaOH cho khí hydrogen nên Y có Al dư.

\(2Al+Fe_2O_3-t^0>Al_2O_3+2Fe\\ Y:Al_{dư}\left(a\left(mol\right)\right),Fe\left(2b\left(mol\right)\right),Al_2O_3\left(b\left(mol\right)\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}a+2b=0,4\\ n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2mol=a\\ b=0,05mol\\ BTKL:m=27a+56\cdot2b+102b=16,1g\)

a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{hhkhí\left(H_2,CO_2\right)}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Zn + H₂SO₄ ---> ZnSO₄ + H₂

a                          a              a

MgCO₃ + H₂SO₄ ---> MgSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

b                                    b              b

Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,2\\161a+84b=28,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCO_3}=0,1.84-8,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{6,5+8,4}=43,62\%\\\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-43,62\%=56,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,336}{22,4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

2Na + H₂SO₄ ---> Na₂SO₄ + H₂

0,03                        0,015      0,015

\(\rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=7,26-0,015.142=5,13\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{5,13}{342}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)

Al₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂O

0,015                       0,015

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na}=0,03.23=0,69\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,015.102=1,53\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,69}{0,69+1,53}=31,08\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=100\%-31,08\%=68,92\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, Thiếu \(d_{H_2SO_4}\)

Đáp án B

Chú ý:

$m_{H_2SO_4} = a.C\%(gam) \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{a.C\%}{98}$

$m_{H_2O\ trong\ dd\ axit} = a - a.C\% \Rightarrow n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{a - a.C\%}{18}$

$2Na + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + H_2$
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} + \dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{0,05a}{2} = \dfrac{a.C\%}{98} + \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{a - a.C\%}{18}$

$\Rightarrow C\% = 0,158 = 15,8\%$

Đáp án A