Lời giải:

$\Delta'=4+m^2+1=5+m^2>0$ với mọi $m\in\mathbb{R}$ nên pt luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt với mọi $m\in\mathbb{R}$

Áp dụng định lý Viet: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x_1+x_2=-4\\ x_1x_2=-(m^2+1)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó:

\(\frac{x_1}{x_2}+\frac{x_2}{x_1}=\frac{-5}{2}\Leftrightarrow \frac{x_1^2+x_2^2}{x_1x_2}=-\frac{5}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x_1+x_2)^2-2x_1x_2}{x_1x_2}=\frac{-5}{2}\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x_1+x_2)^2}{x_1x_2}=-\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{16}{-(m^2+1)}=\frac{-1}{2}\Leftrightarrow m^2+1=32\)

\(\Rightarrow m=\pm \sqrt{31}\)

PT có 2 nghiệm `<=> \Delta' >0 <=> 2^2-1.(m+1)>0<=> m<3`

Viet: `x_1+x_2=-4`

`x_1 x_2=m+1`

`(x_1)/(x_2)+(x_2)/(x_1)=10/3`

`<=> (x_1^2+x_2^2)/(x_1x_2)=10/3`

`<=> ((x_1+x_2)^2-2x_1x_2)/(x_1x_2)=10/3`

`<=> (4^2-2(m+1))/(m+1)=10/3`

`<=> m=2` (TM)

Vậy `m=2`.

\(x^2-\left(m-1\right)x-2=0\)

a=1; b=-m+1; c=-2

Vì a*c=-2<0

nên phương trình luôn có hai nghiệm phân biệt

Theo Vi-et, ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=\dfrac{-b}{a}=\dfrac{-\left[-\left(m-1\right)\right]}{1}=m-1\\x_1\cdot x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{-2}{1}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-4x_1x_2\)

\(=\left(m-1\right)^2-4\cdot\left(-2\right)=\left(m-1\right)^2+8\)

=>\(x_1-x_2=\pm\sqrt{\left(m-1\right)^2+8}\)

\(\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}=\dfrac{x_2^2-3}{x_1^2-3}\)

=>\(x_1\left(x_1^2-3\right)=x_2\left(x_2^2-3\right)\)

=>\(x_1^3-x_2^3=3x_1-3x_2\)

=>\(\left(x_1-x_2\right)\left(x_1^2+x_2^2+x_1x_2-3\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x_1-x_2\right)\left[\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-x_1x_2-3\right]=0\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1-x_2=0\\\left(m-1\right)^2-\left(-2\right)-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\left(m-1\right)^2+8}=0\left(vôlý\right)\\\left(m-1\right)^2-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left(m-1\right)^2=1\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}m-1=1\\m-1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=2\\m=0\end{matrix}\right.\)