a, Theo bài ra ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(0\right)=c=0\\f\left(1\right)=a+b+c=2013\\f\left(-1\right)=a-b+c=2012\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=2013\\a-b=2012\end{cases}}\)

Cộng vế với vế \(a+b+a-b=2013+2012\Leftrightarrow2a=4025\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{4025}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow b=\frac{4025}{2}-2012=\frac{1}{2}\)

Vậy \(a=\frac{4025}{2};b=\frac{1}{2};c=0\)

\(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^{2012}}=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Lại có:

\(a^{2013}+a^{2013}+...+a^{2013}\left(\text{2012 số hạng}\right)+1\ge2013\sqrt[2013]{\left(a^{2013}\right)^{2012}}=2013.a^{2012}\)

\(\Rightarrow2012.a^{2013}+1\ge2013.a^{2012}\)

Tương tự: \(2012.b^{2013}+1\ge2013.b^{2012}\) ; \(2012.c^{2013}+1\ge2013.c^{2012}\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(\Rightarrow a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}\ge\dfrac{2013\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)-3}{2012}\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{2013\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)-3}{2012\left(a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}\right)}=\dfrac{2013}{2012}-\dfrac{3}{2012}.\dfrac{1}{a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}}\ge\dfrac{2013}{2012}-\dfrac{3}{2012}.\dfrac{1}{3}=1\)

\(A_{min}=1\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(A=\sqrt{2012^2+2012^2.2013^2+2013^2}\)

     \(=\sqrt{2012^2+\left(2012.2013\right)^2+2013^2}\)

       \(=2012+2012.2013+2013\)

Vậy A là một số tự nhiên

P/s: Mình nghĩ thế, không chắc!

\(A=\sqrt{2012^2+2012^2.2013^2+2013^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(2013-1\right)^2+2012^2.2013^2+2013^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2.2013^2-2.2013+1+2012^2.2013^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2.2013.\left(2013-1\right)+1+2012^2.2013^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2012^2.2013^2+2.2013.2012+1}=\sqrt{\left(2012.2013+1\right)^2}=2012.2013+1\)

Cảm ơn bạn alibaba nhé !

Bài 3. 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\left(a+b+c\right)=-\dfrac{1}{24}\left(1\right)\\c\left(a+b+c\right)=-\dfrac{1}{72}\left(2\right)\\b\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Dễ thấy \(a,b,c\ne0\Rightarrow a+b+c\ne0\)

Chia (1) cho (2), ta được \(\dfrac{a}{c}=3\Rightarrow a=3c\left(4\right)\)

Chia (2) cho (3) ta được: \(\dfrac{c}{b}=-\dfrac{2}{9}\Rightarrow b=-\dfrac{9}{2}c\left(5\right)\).

Thay (4), (5) vào (2), ta được: \(-\dfrac{1}{2}c^2=-\dfrac{1}{72}\)

\(\Rightarrow c=\pm\dfrac{1}{6}\).

Với \(c=\dfrac{1}{6}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3c=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=-\dfrac{9}{2}c=-\dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(c=-\dfrac{1}{6}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3c=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=-\dfrac{9}{2}c=\dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left\{\left(\dfrac{1}{2};-\dfrac{3}{4};\dfrac{1}{6}\right);\left(-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{3}{4};-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\right\}\)