PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_4}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}-0,075=0,15\)  (1)

PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

            \(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)

Theo PTHH: \(28a+26b=4,1\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{C_2H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{C_2H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx44,44\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=22,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=y\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=z\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+y+z=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)

Ta có: m _{bình Br2 tăng} = m_C2H4 + m_C2H2

⇒ 8,1 = 28y + 26z (2)

- Khí thoát ra khỏi bình là CH₄.

PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_4}=x\left(3\right)\)

Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,075\left(mol\right)\\y=0,15\left(mol\right)\\z=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_X=m_{CH_4}+m_{C_2H_4}+m_{C_2H_2}=0,075.16+8,1=9,3\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,075.16}{9,3}.100\%\approx12,9\%\\\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,15.28}{9,3}.100\%\approx45,16\%\\\%m_{C_2H_2}\approx41,94\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{CH_4}=a;n_{C_2H_4}=b;n_{C_2H_2}=c\\ a+b+c=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}\left(1\right)\\ C_2H_4+Br_2->C_2H_4Br_2\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2->C_2H_2Br_4\\ m_{bình.tăng}=28b+26c=8,1g\\ n_{CO_2}=a=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}\\ a=0,075;b=c=0,15\\ \%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,375}.100\%=20\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,375}.100\%=40\%\)

Ta có: m_C2H4 = m _{bình tăng} = 2,8 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{2,8}{4}.100\%=70\%\\\%m_{CH_4}=30\%\text{ }\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

Đáp án A

Hướng dẫn

Chất khí thoát ra là CH₄ => thể tích CH₄ là 2,24 lít

=> % V C H 4 = 2 , 24 8 , 96 .100% = 25%

Đáp án A

1,68 lit khí không bị dung dịch Br2 hấp thụ là propan

a, nBr2 = 8/160 = 0,05 (mol)

PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2

Mol: 0,05 <--- 0,05 <--- 0,05

Vhh khí = 2,8/22,4 = 0,125 (mol)

%VC2H4 = 0,05/0,125 = 40%

%CH4 = 100% - 40% = 60%

b, nCH4 = 0,125 - 0,05 = 0,075 (mol)

PTHH: C2H4 + 3O2 -> (t°) 2CO2 + 2H2O

Mol: 0,05 ---> 0,15

CH4 + 2O2 -> (t°) CO2 + 2H2O

Mol: 0,075 ---> 0,15

Vkk = (0,15 + 0,15) . 5 . 22,4 = 33,6 (l)

\(n_{hh\left(CH_4,C_2H_4\right)}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ n_{C_2H_4}=n_{Br_2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

Vì số mol tỉ lệ thuận với thể tích, nên ta có:

\(\%n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,25}.100\%=10\%\\ \Rightarrow\%V_{C_2H_4}=10\%;\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-10\%=90\%\)

nBr2 = 32/160 = 0,2 (mol)

PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2

Mol: 0,2 <--- 0,2

nhh khí = 44,8/22,4 = 2 (mol)

%VC2H4 = 0,2/2 = 10%

%VCH4 = 100% - 10% = 90%

a, PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

b, - Khí thoát ra là CH₄.

⇒ V_CH4 = 4,48 (l)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{4,48}{11,2}.100\%=40\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=100-40=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)