Áp dụng định lý Bezout ta có:

\(P\left(x\right)⋮\left(x-3\right)\Rightarrow P\left(3\right)=0\Rightarrow27a+9b+c=0\left(1\right)\)

\(P\left(x\right)\)chia cho \(x^2-4\)dư 4x-2\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}P\left(2\right)=6\\P\left(-2\right)=-10\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}8a+4b+c=6\\-8a+4b+c=-10\end{cases}\left(2\right)}\)

Từ (1) và  (2) \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}27a+9b+c=0\\8a+4b+c=6\\-8a+4b+c=-10\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\9b+c=-27\\4b+c=-2\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=-5\\c=18\end{cases}}\)

Do đó đa thức \(P\left(x\right)=x^3-5x^2+18\)

Vì \(f\left(x\right)⋮x-2;f\left(x\right):x^2-1\) dư 1\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(x\right)=g\left(x\right)\cdot\left(x-2\right)\\f\left(x\right)=q\left(x\right)\left(x^2-1\right)+x=q\left(x\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+x\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(2\right)=0\\f\left(1\right)=1\\f\left(-1\right)=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}32+4a+2b+c=0\\2+a+b+c=1\\2+a-b+c=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=-32\left(1\right)\\a+b+c=-1\left(2\right)\\a-b+c=-3\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

 Trừ từng vế của (2) cho (3) ta được:

\(\Rightarrow2b=2\Rightarrow b=1\)

Thay b=1 vào lần lượt (1) ,(2),(3) ta được:

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2+c=-32\\a+1+c=-1\\a-1+c=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+c=-34\\a+c=-2\\a+c=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+c=-34\left(4\right)\\a+c=-2\left(5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trừ từng vế của (4) cho (5) ta được:

\(\Rightarrow3a=-32\Rightarrow a=-\dfrac{32}{3}\Rightarrow c=-2+\dfrac{32}{3}=\dfrac{26}{3}\) Vậy...

Mình có nghĩ ra cách này mọi người xem giúp mình với

f(x) = \(ax^2+bx+c\) 

Ta có f(0) = 2 => c = 2

Ta đặt Q(x) = \(ax^2+bx+c-2020\)

và G(x) = \(ax^2+bx+c+2021\)

f(x) - 2020 chia cho x - 1 hay Q(x) chia cho x - 1 được số dư

\(R_1\) = Q(1) = \(a.1^2+b.1+c-2020=a+b+c-2020\)  

Mà Q(x) chia hết cho x-1 nên \(R_1\) = 0

hay \(a+b+c-2020=0\). Mà c = 2 => a + b = 2018 (1)

G(x) chia cho x + 1 số dư 

\(R_2\) = G(-1) = \(a.\left(-1\right)^2+b.\left(-1\right)+c+2021=a-b+2+2021\)

Mà G(x) chia hết cho x + 1 nên \(R_2\)=0

hay \(a-b+2+2021=0\) => \(a-b=-2023\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2018\\a-b=-2023\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\dfrac{5}{2}\\b=\dfrac{4041}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

ko biết !!!

\(f\left(0\right)=2\Rightarrow c=2\)

\(f\left(x\right)-2020\) chia hết \(x-1\Rightarrow f\left(1\right)-2020=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c-2020=0\Rightarrow a+b-2018=0\)

\(f\left(x\right)+2021\) chia hết \(x+1\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right)+2021=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a-b+c+2021=0\Rightarrow a-b+2023=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2018\\a-b=-2023\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{5}{2}\\b=\dfrac{4041}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(f\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\)

=> \(f\left(-2\right)=4a-2b+c=-3\)

Có f(x) chia cho x và x + 4 đều dư 5

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(0\right)=0+c=5\\f\left(-4\right)=16a-4b+c=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a-2b+c=-3\\c=5\\16a-4b+c=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=5\\2\left(2a-b\right)=-8\\4\left(4a-b\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c=5\\b=4a\\2a-b=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=8\\c=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó \(f\left(x\right)=2x^2+8x+5\)

\(f\left(x\right)=2x^4+ax^2+bx+c\)

\(=2x^4-4x^3+4x^3-8x^2+\left(a+8\right)x^2-x\left(2a+16\right)+\left(2a+16+b\right)x-2\left(2a+16+b\right)+4a+32+2b+c\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^3+4x^2+x\left(a+8\right)+2a+16+b\right)+4a+2b+32+c\)

=>\(\dfrac{f\left(x\right)}{x-2}=2x^3+4x^2+x\left(a+8\right)+2a+16+b+\dfrac{4a+2b+32+c}{x-2}\)

f(x) chia hết cho x-2 nên \(4a+2b+32+c=0\)(1)

\(f\left(x\right)=2x^4+ax^2+bx+c\)

\(=2x^4-4x^3+6x^2+4x^3-16x^2+12x+\left(a+10\right)x^2-4x\left(a+10\right)+3a+30+x\left(4a+28+b\right)+c-3a-30\)

\(=\left(x^2-4x+3\right)\left(2x^2+4x+a+10\right)\)+x(4a+28+b)+c-3a-30

f(x) chia cho x²-4x+3 dư -x+2 nên ta có: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+28+b=-1\\c-3a-30=2\end{matrix}\right.\)(2)

Từ (1),(2) ta có hệ phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+32+c=0\\4a+b+28=-1\\c-3a=32\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+2b+c=-32\\4a+b=-29\\-3a+c=32\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c=-3\\-3a+c=32\\4a+b=-29\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+3a=-35\\4a+b=-29\\b+c=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-a=-6\\4a+b=-29\\b+c=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=6\\b=-29-4a=-29-4\cdot6=-53\\c=-3-b=-3-\left(-53\right)=50\end{matrix}\right.\)