AD phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử ở tử thức và mẫu thức của từng phân thức

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Bài 1: 

a: \(A=\dfrac{x^4+x^3+x+1}{x^4-x^3+2x^2-x+1}=\dfrac{x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)}{x^4-x^3+x^2+x^2-x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)}{\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^2+1}\)

Để A=0 thì x+1=0

hay x=-1

b: \(B=\dfrac{x^4-5x^2+4}{x^4-10x^2+9}=\dfrac{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-9\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4}{x^2-9}\)

Để B=0 thi (x-2)(x+2)=0

=>x=2 hoặc x=-2

a ) \(A=\frac{ax^2\left(a-x\right)-a^2x\left(x-a\right)}{3a^2-3x^2}=\frac{ax\left(a-x\right)\left(a+x\right)}{3\left(a-x\right)\left(a+x\right)}=\frac{ax}{3}\)

Thay \(a=\frac{1}{2};x=-3\), ta có :

\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}.-3}{3}=-\frac{1}{2}\)

b ) \(B=\frac{\left(ab+bc+cd+da\right)abcd}{\left(c+d\right)\left(a+b\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(a-d\right)}=\frac{\left[\left(ab+ad\right)+\left(bc+cd\right)\right]abcd}{ca+cb+da+db+ba-bd-ca+cd}\)

\(=\frac{\left[a\left(b+d\right)+c\left(b+d\right)\right]abcd}{ba+da+cb+cd}=\frac{\left(b+d\right)\left(a+c\right)abcd}{\left(b+d\right)\left(a+c\right)}=abcd\)

Thay \(a=-3;b=-4;c=2;d=3\), ta có :

\(B=\left(-3\right).\left(-4\right).2.3=72\)

a) \(\dfrac{x^6+2x^3y^3+y^6}{x^7-xy^6}=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)^2}{x\left(x^6-y^6\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3\right)^2}{x\left(x^3-y^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^3+y^3}{x\left(x^3-y^3\right)}\)

b) \(\dfrac{\left(2x^2+2x\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x^3-4x\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{x\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\left(x-2\right)}{x+2}\)

c) \(\dfrac{x^3-x^2y+xy^2}{x^3+y^3}=\dfrac{x\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)

d) \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2-c^2+2ab}{a^2-b^2+c^2+2ac}=\dfrac{\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)-c^2}{\left(a^2+2ac+c^2\right)-b^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2}{\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a-b+c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a+b-c}{a-b+c}\)

e) \(\dfrac{2x^3-7x^2-12x+45}{3x^3-19x^2+33x-9}=\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x^2-x-15\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(3x^2-10x+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x^2-x-15}{3x^2-10x+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+5\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(3x-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x+5}{3x-1}\)

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