Vì vai trò của x,y,z là như nhau nên ta đặt: \(0\le x\le y\le z\le1\)

Ta có:\(\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{xz+1}+\frac{z}{xy+1}\le\frac{x}{xy+1}+\frac{y}{xy+1}+\frac{z}{xy+1}=\frac{x+y+z}{xy+1}\left(1\right)\)

Ta lại có: \(0\le x\le1;0\le y\le1\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy-x-y+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy+1\ge x+y\left(2\right)\)

Từ (2);(1) và \(z\le1\) suy ra: \(\frac{x+y+z}{xy+1}\le\frac{\left(xy+1\right)+1}{xy+1}\le\frac{2xy+2}{xy+1}=2\)

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)=3xy\)

\(x^2+y^2=5\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=5\)

Đặt x+y=u; xy=v, ta có hệ

\(\int^{2\left(x+y\right)-3xy=0}_{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=5}\Leftrightarrow\int^{2u-3v=0}_{u^2-2v=5}\Leftrightarrow u=3;v=2\)hoặc \(u=-\frac{5}{3};v=-\frac{10}{9}\)

đến đây dùng viet, x và y là nghiệm của 2 phương trình \(X^2-3X+2=0\) hoặc \(X^2+\frac{5}{3}X-\frac{10}{9}=0\). Giải ra được nghiệm (x;y) là   \(\left(1;2\right),\left(2;1\right),\left(\frac{-5+\sqrt{65}}{6};\frac{-5-\sqrt{65}}{6}\right),\left(\frac{-5-\sqrt{65}}{6};\frac{-5+\sqrt{65}}{6}\right)\)

a) \(1+\sqrt{3x+1}=3x\)

ĐKXĐ: \(3x+1\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge\frac{-1}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x+1}=3x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x+1}\right)^2=\left(3x-1\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x+1=9x^2-6x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-9x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}}\)(tm)

Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là \(S=\left\{0;1\right\}\)

b) \(\sqrt{\frac{5x+7}{x+3}}=4\)

ĐKXĐ: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{5x+7}{x+3}>0\\x+3\ne0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x>\frac{-7}{5}\\x< -3\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{\frac{5x+7}{x+3}}\right)^2=4^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{5x+7}{x+3}=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x+7=16\left(x+3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x+7=16x+48\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-11x=41\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-41}{11}\)(tm)

Vậy phương trình có 1 nghiệm duy nhất là \(x=\frac{-41}{11}\)

dễ dàng phân tích được 

\(\sqrt{2x-y}=\frac{\left(x^2-x-xy\right)}{\left(y+1\right)}\)

\(\left(y+1\right)=\frac{\left(x^2-x-xy\right)}{\sqrt{2x-y}}\)

\(\left(y+1\right)\sqrt{2x-y}=\frac{\left(x^2-x-xy\right)^2}{\sqrt{2x-y}\left(y+1\right)}\)

thay vào "pt" 1 ta được

\(\left(x^2-x-xy\right)\left(\frac{x^2-x-xy-1}{\sqrt{2x-y}\left(y+1\right)}\right)=0\)

\(x^2-x-xy=0\Leftrightarrow x^2=x\left(1+y\right)\Leftrightarrow x=1+y\)

thay x=y+1 vào pt2 ta được

\(\left(y+1\right)^2+y^2-2y\left(y+1\right)-3\left(y+1\right)+2=0\)

\(\left(y^2+y^2-2y^2\right)+\left(2y-2y-3y\right)+\left(1-3+2\right)=0\)

\(-3y=0\Leftrightarrow y=0\)

thay \(y=0\) 

cho x+y+z=4 

cmr \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}\ge1\)

BL

TA CẦN CM \(\frac{1}{x}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge1\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge x\)

mà x=\(4-\left(y+z\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge4-\left(y+z\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{y}-2+y+\frac{1}{z}-2+z\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}}-\sqrt{z}\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)

3) \(\frac{x-2}{x-5}\) \(-\frac{5}{x^2-5x}=\frac{1}{x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{x-2}{x-5}-\frac{5}{x.\left(x-5\right)}=\frac{1}{x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-2\right).\left(x+5\right)}{x.\left(x-5\right)}-\frac{5}{x.\left(x-5\right)}=\frac{1.\left(x+5\right)}{x.\left(x-5\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-2x-10-5=1x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-2x-1x-10-5-5\) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+2x-20=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-10x-20=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x\(^2\) + 2x) - (10x + 20) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x.(x + 2) - 10.(x + 2) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)

4) \(\frac{x-4}{x+7}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{-7}{x^2+7x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-4}{x+7}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{-7}{x\left(x+7\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-4\right).\left(x+7\right)}{x.\left(x+7\right)}-\frac{1.\left(x+7\right)}{x.\left(x+7\right)}=\frac{-7}{x.\left(x+7\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+7x-4x-28-x-7=-7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+7x-4x-x-28-7+7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x\(^2\) + 2x - 28 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x\(^2\) + 2x - 14x - 28 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x\(^2\) + 2x) - (14x + 28) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x.(x + 2) - 14.(x + 2) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (x - 14) = 0 hoặc (x + 2) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 4 (Nhận) hoặc x = -2 (Loại)

5) \(\frac{x+2}{x-2}+\frac{x-2}{x+2}=\frac{8x}{x^2-4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{\left(x+2\right).\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right).\left(x+2\right)}+\frac{\left(x-2\right).\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right).\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{8x}{\left(x-2\right).\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+2x+4+x^2-2x-2x+4=8x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+x^2+2x+2x-2x-2x-8x+4+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x\(^2\) - 2x - 8x + 8 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x(x - 1) - 8(x - 1) = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x - 8 = 0 hoặc x - 1 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2x = 8 hoặc x = 1

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 4 (Nhận) hoặc x = 1 (Nhận)

Vậy S = {4; 1}

6) \(\frac{x+1}{x-1}-\frac{x-1}{x+1}=\frac{4}{x^2-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{\left(x+1\right).\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right).\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{\left(x-1\right).\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x+1\right).\left(x-1\right)}=\frac{4}{\left(x-1\right).\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x\(^2\) + x + x + 1 - x\(^2\) + x + x - 1 = 4

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 4x - 4 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 4 (x - 1) =0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x - 1 = 0 / 4 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 1 (Nhận)

Vậy S = {1}

7) \(\frac{x+1}{x-1}+\frac{-4x}{x^2-1}=\frac{x-1}{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{\left(x+1\right).\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right).\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{-4x}{\left(x-1\right).\left(x+1\right)}=\frac{\left(x-1\right).\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x+1\right).\left(x+1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+x+1-4x=x^2-x-x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 0

Vậy S ={\(\varnothing\)}

\(\frac{y+5}{y^2-5y}-\frac{y-5}{2y^2+10y}=\frac{y+25}{2y^2-50}\)        \(ĐKXĐ:y\ne0;y\ne5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{y+5}{y\left(y-5\right)}-\frac{y-5}{2y\left(y+5\right)}-\frac{y+25}{2\left(y^2-25\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(y+5\right)^2-\left(y-5\right)^2}{2y\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)}-\frac{y\left(y+25\right)}{2y\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(y^2+10y+25\right)-y^2+10y-25-y^2-25y}{2y\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+20y+50-y^2+10y-25-y^2-25y=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5y+25=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(y+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=-5\left(tm\right)\)

\(\)Vậy phương trình có nghiệm y=-5

Giải hpt : a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y+1\right)=25\left(y+1\right)\\x^2+xy+2y^2+x-8y=9\end{matrix}\right.\) b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+6xy-\frac{1}{\left(x-y\right)^2}+\frac{9}{8}=0\\2y-\frac{1}{x-y}+\frac{5}{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{x^2-y}+\frac{5y}{x+y^2}=4\\5x+y+\frac{x^2-5y^2}{xy}=5\end{matrix}\right.\) d) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3xy+y+1=21x\\9x^2y^2+3xy+1=117x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

e) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\left(x^2-y^2\right)+x^2=1\sqrt{\left(x-y^2\right)^3}\\76x^2-20y^2+2=\sqrt[3]{4x\left(8x+1\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P=\frac{x-y}{x+y}\)\(\Rightarrow P^2=\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)

Ta có: \(2x^2+2y^2=5xy\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4xy+2y^2=xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-y\right)^2=xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2=\frac{xy}{2}\)(2)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow2x^2+4xy+2y^2=9xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+y\right)^2=9xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=\frac{9xy}{2}\)(3)

Thay (2)và (3) vào \(P^2\)ta được:

\(P^2=\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{xy}{2}.\frac{2}{9xy}=\frac{1}{9}\)

Nhận thấy \(y>x>0\Rightarrow x-y< 0\Rightarrow\frac{x-y}{x+y}< 0\Rightarrow P< 0\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{-1}{3}\)