Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 27x + 56y = 11 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 3x + 2y = 0,4.2 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

           0,075<-------------------------0,075

Cu không phản ứng với H₂SO₄ loãng

b, \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,8}{8}.100\%=22,5\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-22,5\%=77,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\) 
            0,075                                0,075 
         \(Cu+H_2SO_4-x->\) 
          \(m_{Mg}=0,075.24=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=8-1,6=6,4\left(g\right)\) 
\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{8}.100\%=80\%\\ \%m_{Mg}=100-80\%=20\%\)

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(mol)$

Bảo toàn khối lượng : 

$m_{muối} = 10,3 + 0,5.98 - 0,5.2 = 58,3(gam)$

Câu 1:

Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 27x+56y=0,83(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,025(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%=32,53\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=100\%-32,53\%=67,47\%\)

Câu 2:

Đặt \(n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Mg}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 27x+24y=4,5(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,225(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,075(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{4,5}.100\%=60\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=100\%-60\%=40\%\)

Dạng PP hai dòng:

\(PTHH:2A+Cl_2\to 2ACl\\ \Rightarrow n_A=n_{ACl}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{9,2}{M_A}=\dfrac{23,4}{M_A+35,5}\\ \Rightarrow M_A=23(g/mol)\)

Vậy A là natri

Bài 1:

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn Hidro: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng: \(m_{muối}=m_{KL}+m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}-m_{H_2}=24,7\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{12,8}\cdot100\%=43,75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{FeO}=56,25\%\)

Bài 3:

PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=0,1\cdot1=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{HCl}\)

*Bạn bổ sung thêm thể tích ddHCl thêm nhé !! 

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Mg + H₂SO₄ ---> MgSO₄ + H₂

a-------------------------------->a

Fe + H₂SO₄ ---> FeSO₄ + H₂

b------------------------------->b

=> Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=22,8\\a+b=0,55\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,25\left(mol\right)\\b=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,25.24=6\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{6+16,8}.100\%=26,31\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-26,31\%=73,69\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đáp án C

Trong X, chỉ có Fe tác dụng với dung dịch H₂SO₄ loãng: