Điểm rơi: \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}.\)

\(A=\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\left(4xy+\frac{1}{4xy}\right)+\frac{5}{4xy}\)

\(\ge\frac{1}{x^2+y^2+2xy}+2\sqrt{4xy.\frac{1}{4xy}}+\frac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2+\frac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge2+\frac{6}{1^2}=8\)

1/a/
\(A=\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{3}{x^2+y^2}=\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}\right)-\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}=16-2=14\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

b/

\(4B=\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{8}{xy}+16xy=\left(\frac{4}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{xy}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{xy}+16xy\right)+\frac{5}{xy}\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}.16xy}+\frac{5}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}\)

\(=16+8+20=44\)

\(\Rightarrow B\ge11\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

2/

\(A=\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\)

\(\ge\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{4}{x+y}\right)^2}{2}=\frac{25}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

Ta có : \(P=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}=\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\frac{3}{2xy}\)

Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)được :\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge4\)

Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)được : \(\frac{3}{2xy}\ge\frac{3}{2}.\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge6\)

Suy ra \(P\ge10\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\x=y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

Vậy Min P = 10 khi x = y = 1/2

Suy ra P≥10

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi {

⇔x=y=12 

Vậy Min P = 10 khi x = y = 1/2

1.

Đầu tiên ta cm: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\forall a,b>0\)

Ta có:

\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{ab}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{a+b}{2}}=\frac{4}{a+b}\) (cô si)

Dấu "=" khi a = b.

Áp dụng:

\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+4xy\) \(=\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4xy}+4xy\right)+\frac{5}{4xy}\)

\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4xy}\cdot4xy}+\frac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)

\(=4+2+5=11\)

Vậy Min_A = 11 khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(P=\frac{x^2+1}{x^2-x+1}\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=P\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1-Px^2+Px-P=0\)(*)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-P\right)x^2+Px+\left(1-P\right)=0\)

\(\Delta=P^2-4\left(1-P\right)^2\)

\(=P^2-4\left(1-2P+P^2\right)=-3P^2+8P-4\)

Để P có GTNN và GTLN thì phương trình (*) có nghiệm

\(\Leftrightarrow\Delta\ge0\Leftrightarrow-3P^2+8P-4\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-3P^2+2P+6P-4\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-P\left(3P-2\right)+2\left(3P-2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3P-2\right)\left(2-P\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\le P\le2\)

Vậy \(min_P=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=-1\); \(max_P=2\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

\(\left(x+y\right)^2+7\left(x+y\right)+y^2+10=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+2\cdot\left(x+y\right)\cdot\frac{7}{2}+\frac{49}{4}-\frac{9}{4}=-y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+\frac{7}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}=-y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+2\right)\left(x+y+5\right)=-y^2\le0\)

Vì \(x+y+2< x+y+5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+2\le0\\x+y+5\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow-5\le x+y\le-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-4\le x+y+1\le-1\)

Vậy: \(Min=-4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.;Max=-1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

$\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\geq \frac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{4}{(x+y)^2}\geq \frac{4}{(\frac{1}{2})^2}=16$

$\frac{1}{4xy}+64xy\geq 8$

$\frac{5}{4xy}\geq \frac{5}{(x+y)^2}\geq \frac{5}{(\frac{1}{2})^2}=20$

Cộng theo vế:

$\Rightarrow P\geq 44$

Vậy $P_{\min}=44$ khi $x=y=\frac{1}{4}$