a) 2Al + 3Cl₂ --> 2AlCl₃

b) 2:3:2

c) Số mol nhôm clorua là:

n_AlCl3 = m_AlCl3:M_AlCl3 = 40,05:133,5 = 0,3 (mol)

--> n_Al = 0,3 (mol)

Khối lượng nhôm ban đầu:

m_Al = n_Al.M_Al = 0,3.27 = 8,1 (g)

\(a,PTHH:2Al+3Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2AlCl_3\\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{40,05}{133,5}=0,3(mol)\\ b,\text{Tỉ lệ: }2:3:2\\ c,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,3.27=8,1(g)\)

a) $2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$
b) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} =  0,3(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2} = 0,3.24,79 = 7,437(lít)$

c) $n_{AlCl_3} = n_{Al} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3} = 0,2.133,5 = 26,7(gam)$

\(PTHH:2Al+3Cl_2\) → \(2AlCl_3\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH

⇒ \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

a) 2Al + 3Cl₂ --t^o--> 2AlCl₃

b) \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{133,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3Cl₂ --t^o--> 2AlCl₃

            0,1<-0,15<---------0,1

=> V_Cl2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(l)

c) m_Al = 0,1.27 = 2,7(g)

\(a.PTHH:2Al+3Cl_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2AlCl_3\)

b. Ta có: \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{13,35}{133,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(lít\right)\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

nH₂=6.72/22,4=0,3(mol)
PTHH: 2Al +   6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂
bài ra:  0,2 <-- 0,6  <--   0,2   <-- 0,3  /mol
a) mHCl = 0,6.36,5=21,9(g)
b) mAl = 0.2.24 = 4,8(g)
 

\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

              0,2<--0,6<----------0,2<------0,3    (mol)

\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=n\cdot M=0,6\cdot\left(1+35,5\right)=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot\left(27+35,5\cdot3\right)=26,7\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: 

Ta có: nAl=23nH2=0,2(mol)

⇒mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)

a, PT: 

Ta có: nAl=23nH2=0,2(mol)

⇒mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)

a. PTHH: 2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O

b. Ta có: \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{58,5}{78}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,75}{2}>\dfrac{0,5}{3}\)

Vậy \(Al\left(OH\right)_3\) dư.

\(m_{dư}=0,75.78-98.0,5=9,5\left(g\right)\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,5=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.342=57\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{58,5}{78}=0,75\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O

Mol:        \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)               0,5               \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)

b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,75}{2}>\dfrac{0,5}{3}\) ⇒ Al(OH)₃ dư, H₂SO₄ hết

⇒ \(m_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\left(0,75-\dfrac{1}{3}\right).78=32,5\left(g\right)\)

c, \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.342=57\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{58,5}{78}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH: 2Al(OH)₃ + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 6H₂O

b. Không có chất dư (hoặc có thể bn cho sai 49(g) dung dịch là 49(g) H₂SO₄)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,75=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,375.342=128,25\left(g\right)\)