Câu 1:

a) Al₂O₃:

Phần trăm Al trong Al₂O₃:   \(\%Al=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+16.3}.100=52,94\%\)

Phần trăm O trong Al₂O₃:   \(\%O=100-52,94=47,06\%\)

b) C₆H₁₂O:

Phần trăm C trong  C₆H₁₂O:  \(\%C=\dfrac{12.6}{12.6+12+16}.100=72\%\)

Phần trăm H trong  C₆H₁₂O:  \(\%H=\dfrac{1.12}{12.6+12+16}.100=12\%\)

Phần trăm O trong  C₆H₁₂O :  \(\%O=100-72-12=16\%\)

Câu 2: 

\(m_H=\dfrac{5,88.34}{100}\approx2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_S=\dfrac{94,12.34}{100}=32\left(g\right)\)

\(n_H=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2}{1}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_S=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{32}{32}=1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ CTHH của hợp chất:  H₂S

\(\%m_S=\dfrac{32}{80}.100\%=40\%\)

\(\%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{80}.100\%=60\%\)

%S= \(\dfrac{32}{80}x100\%=40\%\)

=> %O= 100%-40%=60%

a) Fe₂O₃----> \(\dfrac{56.2}{56.2+16.3}.100\%=70\%\\ =>100\%-70\%=30\%\)

b) Fe₃O₄---->\(\dfrac{56.3}{56.3+16.4}.100\%=72,41\%\\ =>100\%-72,41\%=27,59\%\)

c)SO₃---->\(\dfrac{32}{32+16.3}.100\%=40\%\\ =>100\%-40\%=60\%\)

a)

-Đặt công thức: Na_xS_yO_z

x=\(\dfrac{32,29.142}{23.100}\approx2\)

y=\(\dfrac{22,54.142}{32.100}\approx1\)

z=\(\dfrac{45,07.142}{16.100}\approx4\)

-CTHH: Na₂SO₄

Câu b này mình giải cách khác câu a:

n_C:n_H:n_N:n_O=\(\dfrac{\%C}{12}:\dfrac{\%H}{1}:\dfrac{\%N}{14}:\dfrac{\%O}{16}=\dfrac{58,5}{12}:\dfrac{4,1}{1}:\dfrac{11,4}{14}:\dfrac{26}{16}\)

n_C:n_H:n_N:n_O=4,875:4,1:0,81:1,625=6:5:1:2

-Công thức nguyên: (C₆H₅NO₂)_n

-Ta có: (12.6+5+14+16.2)n=123\(\Leftrightarrow\)123n=123\(\Leftrightarrow\)n=1

-CTHH: C₆H₅NO₂

Câu c:

\(M_C=23.2=46đvC\)

n_C:n_H:n_O=\(\dfrac{\%C}{12}:\dfrac{\%H}{1}:\dfrac{\%O}{16}=\dfrac{52,17}{12}:\dfrac{13,05}{1}:\dfrac{34,74}{16}\)

n_C:n_H:n_O=4,3475:13,05:2,17125\(\approx\)2:6:1

-Công thức nguyên: (C₂H₆O)_n

-Ta có: (12.2+6+16)n=46\(\Leftrightarrow\)46n=46\(\Leftrightarrow\)n=1

-CTHH: C₂H₆O

a) Hợp chất CO có MCO = 12 + 16 = 28 g/mol

    %mO = 100 – 42,86 = 57,14%

Hợp chất CO2: có MCO2 = 12 + 32 = 44 g/mol

    %mO = 100 – 27,3 = 72,7%

b) Hợp chất Fe3O4: MFe3O4 = 3.56 + 4.16 = 232 g/mol

    %mO = 100 – 72,4 = 27,6%

Hợp chất Fe2O3: MFe2O3 = 2.56 + 3.16 = 160 g/mol

    %mO = 100 – 70 = 30%

c) Hợp chất SO2 : MSO2 = 32 + 2.16 = 64 g/mol

    %mO = 100 – 50 = 50%

Hợp chất SO3 : MSO3 = 32 + 16.3 = 80 g/mol

    %mO = 100 – 40 = 60%

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%S=\dfrac{32.1}{80}.100\%=40\%\\\%O=100\%-40\%=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%S=\dfrac{32}{80}.100\%=40\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16.3}{80}.100\%=60\%\)

a, MSO3=32+16.3=80g/mol

%S=\(\dfrac{32.100}{80}=40\%\)

%O=\(\dfrac{16.3.100}{80}=60\%\)

- Hợp chất SO₃

%S = M_S : M_SO3 .100% = 32 : 80 .100% = 40%

%O = 100% - 40% = 60%

- Hợp chất Fe₂O₃

%Fe = 2M_Fe : M_Fe2O3 . 100% = 2.56 : 160. 100% = 70%

%O = 100% - 70% = 30%

- Hợp chất CO₂

%C = M_C : M_CO2 . 100% = 12 : 44 . 100% = 27,3 %

%O = 100% - 27,3% = 72,7%

\(\begin{array}{l} *SO_3:\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{32+16\times 3}\times 100\%=40\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16\times 3}{32+16\times 3}\times 100\%=60\%\\ *Fe_2O_3:\\ \%Fe=\dfrac{56\times 2}{56\times 2+16\times 3}\times 100\%=70\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16\times 3}{56\times 2+16\times 3}\times 100\%=30\%\\ *CO_2:\\ \%C=\dfrac{12}{12+16\times 2}\times 100\%=27,27\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16\times 2}{12+16\times 2}\times 100\%=72,73\%\end{array}\)

`a,` \(K.L.P.T_{Fe_2O_3}=56.2+16.3=160< amu>.\) 

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56.2.100}{160}=70\%\)

\(\%O=100\%-70\%=30\%\)

`b,`\(K.L.P.T_{CaCO_3}=40+12+16.3=100< amu>.\)

\(\%Ca=\dfrac{40.100}{100}=40\%\)

\(\%C=\dfrac{12.100}{100}=12\%\) 

\(\%O=100\%-40\%-12\%=48\%\)

`c,` \(K.L.P.T_{HCl}=1+35,5=36,5< amu>.\)

\(\%H=\dfrac{1.100}{36,5}\approx2,74\%\)

\(\%Cl=100\%-2,74\%=97,26\%\)

a: \(\%Fe=\dfrac{56\cdot2}{56\cdot2+16\cdot3}=70\%\)

=>%O=30%

b: \(\%Ca=\dfrac{40}{40+12+16\cdot3}=40\%\)

\(\%C=\dfrac{12}{100}=12\%\)

%O=100%-12%-40%=48%

c: %H=1/36,5=2,74%

=>%Cl=97,26%