28Al + 102HNO₃ → 28Al(NO₃)₃ + 6N₂ + 3N₂O + 51H₂O

Câu 2: Một nguyên tố R tạo hợp chất khí với hiđro có công thức RH3. Nguy

Câu 3:

\(a,\) Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Al}=y(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow 56x+27y=22(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,2(mol)\\ y=0,4(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{22}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\% \end{cases}\)

\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=1,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6.36,5}{3,7\%}=1578,38(g)\)

1.Mg + 2H₂SO₄ -> MgSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

Zn−2e→Zn2+Zn−2e→Z\(n^{+2}\)

\(2N^{+5}\)8e→2\(N^{+1}\)

1, 4Mg + 10HNO3 loãng------>  4Mg(NO3)2 + N2O + 5H2O 

2, 10Al + 36HNO3 loãng------> 10Al(NO3)3 + 3N2 + 18H2O

3, 4Mg+ 10HNO3 loãng--------> 4Mg(NO3)2+ NH4NO3 + 3H2O

4, 3Fe3O4+ 28HNO3 loãng--------> .9Fe(NO3)3 +NO  + 14H2O

5, 8FeS + 8 H2SO4 đặc------> 3Fe2(S04)3 + SO2+8H2

6, FeS2 + 18HNO3 đặc -------> Fe(NO3)3+ 15NO2 + 2H2SO4 + 7H2O

1, 4Mg+10HNO3 ----->4Mg(NO3)2+N2O+5H20

Quá trình khử:    2NO³⁻ + 10H⁺ + 8e− = N2O + 5H

Quá trình oxy hoá  Mg − 2e− = Mg²⁺

(1) \(K\overset{+7}{Mn}O_4+H\overset{-1}{Cl}\rightarrow KCl+\overset{+2}{Mn}Cl_2+\overset{0}{Cl_2}+H_2O\)

- Chất khử: HCl

Chất oxh: KMnO₄

- Sự oxh: \(2Cl^{-1}\rightarrow Cl_2^0+2e|\times5\)

Sự khử: \(Mn^{+7}+5e\rightarrow Mn^{+2}|\times2\)

\(\rightarrow2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

(2) \(H\overset{+5}{N}O_3+\overset{0}{Cu}\rightarrow\overset{+2}{Cu}\left(NO_3\right)_2+\overset{+4}{N}O_2+H_2O\)

- Chất khử: Cu

Chất oxh: HNO₃

- Sự khử: \(N^{+5}+1e\rightarrow N^{+4}|\times2\)

Sự oxh: \(Cu^0\rightarrow Cu^{+2}+2e|\times1\)

\(\rightarrow4HNO_3+Cu\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2NO_2+2H_2O\)

(3) \(\overset{-3}{N}H_3+\overset{0}{O_2}\rightarrow\overset{+2}{N}\overset{-2}{O}+H_2O\)

- Chất khử: NH₃

 Chất oxh: O₂

- Sự khử: \(O_2^0+4e\rightarrow2O^{-2}|\times5\)

Sự oxh: \(N^{-3}\rightarrow N^{+2}+5e|\times4\)

\(\rightarrow4NH_3+5O_2\rightarrow4NO+6H_2O\)

b)

$S^{-2} + 2e \to S^0$
$N^{+5} \to N^{+2} + 3e$

$3H_2S + 2HNO_3 \to 3S + 2NO + 4H_2O$

c)

$Mg^0 \to Mg^{+2} + 2e$
$N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}$
$3Mg + 8HNO_3 \to 3Mg(NO_3)_2 + 2NO + 4H_2O$

e)

$Al^0 \to Al^{+3} + 3e$
$S^{+6} + 2e \to S^{+4}$
$2Al + 6H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O$

g)

$Cu_2S \to 2Cu^{+2} + S^{+6} + 10e$
$N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}$

$3Cu_2S + 16HNO_3 \to 3Cu(NO_3)_2 + 3CuSO_4 + 10NO + 8H_2O$