@Nguyễn Việt Lâm

@Lê Thị Thục Hiền

Đặt A = \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2018}{ab+bc+ac}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{2016}{ab+bc+ac}\)

Do a ; b ; c dương , áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 3 số dương , ta có :

\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}=9\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\) => BĐT được c/m

Tiếp tục , áp dụng BĐT Cô - si , ta có :

\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2\right)+\left(a^2+c^2\right)\ge2ab+2bc+2ac\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)

=> BĐT được c/m

Áp dụng các BĐT phụ trên vào bài toán , ta có :

\(A\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{2016}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}\)

Vì \(a+b+c\le3\) \(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{9}{3^2}+\frac{2016}{\frac{3^2}{3}}=1+\frac{2016}{3}=673\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

Ta có :\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2009}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{2007}{ab+bc+ca}\)

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy - Schwarz dạng Engel ta có : 

\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}\)

\(=\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{3^2}=1\)( do \(a+b+c\le3\)) (1)

Lại có : \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\)

nên \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\Leftrightarrow9\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\le3\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2007}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\frac{2007}{3}=669\)(2)

Từ (1) ; (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{2007}{ab+bc+ca}\ge670\)

Hay \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{2009}{ab+bc+ca}\ge670\)(đpcm)

\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}=\frac{a\left(1+b^2\right)-ab^2}{1+b^2}=a-\frac{ab^2}{1+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab^2}{2b}=a-\frac{ab}{2}\)

Tương tự:

\(\frac{b}{1+c^2}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2};\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge c-\frac{ca}{2}\)

Cộng lại:

\(\frac{a}{1+b^2}+\frac{b}{1+c^2}+\frac{c}{1+a^2}\ge a+b+c-\frac{ab}{2}-\frac{bc}{2}-\frac{ca}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge a+b+c\)

Mặt khác:

\(\frac{9}{a+b+c}\le\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\le3\Rightarrow9\le3\left(a+b+c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)

Khi đó:

\(VT\ge a+b+c\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=1\)

????????

\(P=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{2016}{ab+bc+ca}\)

\(P\ge\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca+ab+bc+ca}+\frac{2016}{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

\(P\ge\frac{6057}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{6057}{3^2}=673\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Ta có : a + bc = a ( a + b + c ) + bc = ( a + c ) ( a + b )

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với :

\(\frac{a\left(a+b+c\right)-bc}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b\left(a+b+c\right)-ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}+\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)-ab}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\le\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\left(a^2+ab+ac-bc\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(ab+b^2+bc-ac\right)\left(a+c\right)+\left(ac+bc+c^2-ab\right)\left(a+b\right)\le\frac{3}{2}\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

khai triển ra , ta được :

\(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2+6abc\le\frac{3}{2}\left(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\right)+3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{-1}{2}\left(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\right)\le-3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+a^2c+ac^2\ge6abc\)( nhân với -2 thì đổi dấu )

\(\Rightarrow b\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+a\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+c\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(a-c\right)^2+a\left(b-c\right)^2+c\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)     

vì BĐT cuối luôn đúng nên BĐT lúc đầu đúng

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Nhìn giả thiết thấy nản quả:(

BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2}\le3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (nhân ab +bc +ca vào hai vế)

\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2}\le3\left(a+b+c\right)\) (chú ý giả thiết ab + bc +ca = a + b +  c)

\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{c\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}\)

\(\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{2ab}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2c\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{a^2+b^2}=3\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Vậy ta có đpcm.Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c

a)\(VT=\sum_{cyc}\frac{ab^3+ab^2c+a^2bc}{\left(a^2+bc+ca\right)\left(b^2+bc+ca\right)}\le\frac{\sum_{cyc}\left(ab^3+ab^2c+a^2bc\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)\(\le\frac{\sum_{cyc}ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+abc\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca}=VP\)

b thiếu đề

@tth_new, @Nguyễn Việt Lâm, @No choice teen, @Akai Haruma

giúp e vs ạ! Cần gấp

Thanks nhiều

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