Ta có:

\(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{18y}{1+y^2}+\frac{4z}{1+z^2}=xyz\left(\frac{1}{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}+\frac{18}{xz\left(1+y^2\right)}+\frac{4}{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}\right)\)

                                                         \(=xyz\left(\frac{1}{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{18}{xz+y\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{4}{xy+z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)\)

                                                          \(=xyz\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right).\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{18}{\left(y+x\right).\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{4}{\left(z+x\right).\left(z+y\right)}\right)\)

                                                           \(=xyz.\frac{\left(z+y\right)+18.\left(x+z\right)+4\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right).\left(y+z\right).\left(z+x\right)}\)

                                                           \(=\frac{xyz\left(22x+5y+19z\right)}{\left(x+y\right).\left(y+z\right).\left(z+x\right)}\)(đpcm)

Ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow x=\frac{x+y+z}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2+1=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}}\le\frac{\frac{x+y}{y}+\frac{x+z}{z}}{2}=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{2+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)

Cộng theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3.\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\)\(\le3.\frac{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xyz}=\frac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{xyz}=xyz\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)

Ta chứng minh

\(a+b\ge\sqrt[3]{ab}\left(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt[3]{a}-\sqrt[3]{b}\right)^2\left(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}\right)\ge0\)(đúng )

Áp đụng vào bài toán ta được

\(\frac{1}{x+y+1}+\frac{1}{y+z+1}+\frac{1}{z+x+1}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{xy}\left(\sqrt[3]{x}+\sqrt[3]{y}\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{yz}\left(\sqrt[3]{y}+\sqrt[3]{z}\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{zx}\left(\sqrt[3]{z}+\sqrt[3]{x}\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt[3]{z}}{\sqrt[3]{x}+\sqrt[3]{y}+\sqrt[3]{z}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{x}}{\sqrt[3]{x}+\sqrt[3]{y}+\sqrt[3]{z}}+\frac{\sqrt[3]{y}}{\sqrt[3]{x}+\sqrt[3]{y}+\sqrt[3]{z}}=1\)

đặt x=a/b , y=b/c , z=c/a 

Giải:

Đặt \(x=a^3;y=b^3;z=c^3\left(abc=1\right)\) ta có:

\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)ab\) do \(a+b>0\) và \(a^2+b^2-ab\ge ab\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+1\ge\left(a+b\right)ab+abc=ab\left(a+b+c\right)>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

Tương tự ta có:

\(\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}\le\frac{1}{bc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\le\frac{1}{ca\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

Cộng theo vế ta có:

\(\frac{1}{x+y+1}+\frac{1}{y+z+1}+\frac{1}{x+z+1}=\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)}\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=\frac{1}{\left(a+b+c\right)}\left(c+a+b\right)=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1

Đặt \(\frac{1}{1+x}=a\);\(\frac{1}{1+y}=b\);\(\frac{1}{1+y}=c\). Lúc đó a + b + c = 1

Ta có: \(a=\frac{1}{1+x}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1-a}{a}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)-a}{a}=\frac{b+c}{a}\)(Do a + b + c = 1)

Tương tự ta có: \(y=\frac{c+a}{b};z=\frac{a+b}{c}\)

\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{xyz}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Ta đi chứng minh \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)\(\le\frac{3}{2}\)

\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}.3=\frac{3}{2}\)*đúng*

Vậy \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{xyz}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(\frac{x^2+4yz}{2}\ge2x\sqrt{yz}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{x^2+4yz}\le\frac{1}{2x\sqrt{yz}}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+4yz}\le\frac{1}{4x\sqrt{yz}}\)

Cộng theo vế ta có:

\(\frac{1}{x^2+4yz}+\frac{1}{y^2+4xz}+\frac{1}{z^2+4xy}\le\frac{1}{4x\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{4y\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{1}{4z\sqrt{xy}}\)

Cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{4x\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{4y\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{1}{4z\sqrt{xy}}\le\frac{1}{xyz}\)

Nhân 2 vế với \(xyz\) ta lại được BĐT cần c/m tương đương với:

\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\right)\le1\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM lần nữa ta có:

\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)=1\) (Đúng)

Vậy BĐT đầu đã được c/m

\(\left|\left\{\right\}\right|\)

Theo đề ta có : x > 0\(\Rightarrow x^2+4yz>4yz\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2+4yz}< \frac{1}{4yz}\) (1)

Chứng minh tương tự :\(\frac{1}{y^2+4xz}< \frac{1}{4xz}\) (2)

\(\frac{1}{z^2+4xy}< \frac{1}{4xy}\) (3)

Cộng (1),(2) và (3) vế theo vế ,ta được :

\(\frac{1}{x^2+4yz}+\frac{1}{y^2+4xz}+\frac{1}{z^2+4xy}< \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{xy}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\times\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=\frac{1}{xyz}\)

Vậy \(\frac{1}{x^2+4yz}+\frac{1}{y^2+4xz}+\frac{1}{z^2+4xy}< \frac{1}{xyz}\)

Nhân cả 2 vế với xyz bất đẳng thức sẽ thành yz+ xz+xy+yz\(\sqrt{1+x^2}\)+xz\(\sqrt{1+y^2}+xy\sqrt{1+z^2}\le x^2y^2z^2\)

Ta có yz\(\sqrt{1+x^2}=\sqrt{yz}.\sqrt{yz+x^2yz}=\sqrt{yz}.\sqrt{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}=\)\(\sqrt{yz}.\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\)\(\le\)\(yz+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{4}\)(2ab\(\le a^2+b^2\))

làm tương tự ta được xz\(\sqrt{1+x^2}\le xz+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}{4};xy\sqrt{1+z^2}\le xy+\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{4}.\)

vế trái \(\le\) 2(xy+yz+zx) + \(\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}{4}\)\(\le2.\frac{1}{3}.\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+y+z+z+x\right)^2}{4}=\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2y^2z^2.\)

[ (a-b)² +(b-c)² +(c-a)² \(\ge0\)<=>\(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\) áp dụng vào trên)

dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=y=z \(\sqrt{3}\)