a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow27a+56b=11\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,4\cdot2=0,8\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{11}\cdot100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}=50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=m_{AlCl_3}+m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot133,5+0,1\cdot127=39,4\left(g\right)\)

c) Bảo toàn electron: \(3\cdot0,2+3\cdot0,1=2n_{SO_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{SO_2}=0,45\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,45\cdot22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)

a) Gọi nAl = x, nFe = y

Có 27x + 56y = 11 (1)

Bảo toàn e

3x + 2y = 2.0,4 (2)

Từ 1 và 2 => x = 0,2, y = 0,1

\(\%mAl=\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}.100\%=49,09\%\)

\(\%mFe=100-49,09=50,91\%\)

b) BTKL: 

m muối = mkim loại + mHCl - mH2

= 11 + 0,4.2.36,5 - 0,4.2 = 39,4g

c) 

Bảo toàn e

Al => Al⁺³ + 3e                                  S⁺⁶ + 2e => S⁺⁴

0,2               0,6                                             2x          x

Fe => Fe⁺³ + 3e

0,1                  0,3

=> 2x = 0,6 + 0,3 => x = 0,45 mol

=> VSO₂ = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08 lít

\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_X=27a+56b=11\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow a+1.5b=0.4\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.4=0.8\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.8\cdot36.5\cdot100}{14.6}=200\left(g\right)\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{0.1\cdot56}{11}\cdot100\%=50.91\%\)

\(\%Al=49.09\%\)

Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b

\(m_{Cu}=m_B=6,4\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al}+m_{Fe}=17,4-6,4=11\left(g\right)\)

=> 27a + 56b = 11

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂ 

            b----------------------->b

            2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

             a------------------------>1,5a

=> 1,5a + b = 0,4

=> a = 0,2; b = 0,1

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi nFe = a (mol); nAl = b (mol)

=> 56a + 27b = 11 (1)

nH2 = 8,96/22,4 = 0,4 (mol)

PTHH: 

Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

a ---> 2a ---> a ---> a

2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

b ---> 1,5b ---> b ---> b

=> a + 1,5b = 0,4 (2)

Từ (1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,15 (mol)

mFe = 0,1 . 56 = 5,6 (g)

mAl = 0,2 . 27 = 5,4 (g)

THAM KHẢO :
 

Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl₂ + H₂ (1)

a) 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂ (2)

Gọi khối lượng Fe là x(g) (0<x<11) => n_Fe = x/56 (mol)

Thì m_Al là 11-x(g) => n_Al = (11-x)/27 (mol)

n_H2 = 8,96/22,4 = 0,4 (mol)

Theo PT (1) ta có: n_H2 = n_Fe = x/56 (mol)

Theo PT (2) ta có: n_H2 = 3/2 n_Al = 3/2 . (11-x)/27 = (11-x)/18 (mol)

Theo đề bài, n_H2 thu được là 0,4(mol) nên ta có:

x/56 + (11-x)/18 = 0,4

<=> 18x +56(11-x) = 403,2

<=> x = 5,6 (g)

Do đó: m_Fe = 5,6(g) => n_Fe = 5,6/56 = 0,1 (mol)

m_Al = 11-5,6 = 5,4(g) => n_Al = 5,4/27 = 0,2 (mol)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Theo pt: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,2\\27x+56y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{470}\\y=\dfrac{37}{470}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{5,5}\cdot100\%=19,84\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-19,84\%=80,16\%\)

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 24x + 27y = 7,8 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

BT e, có: 2x + 3y = 0,8 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%\approx30,77\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx69,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, BTNT Mg và Al, có:

n_MgCl2 = n_Mg = 0,1 (mol)

 n_AlCl3 = n_Al = 0,2 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.95}{0,1.95+0,2.133,5}.100\%\approx26,24\%\\\%m_{AlCl_3}\approx73,76\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

^{trả lời nhanh cho em ạ}

\(n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)\Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 11(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a=0,2 ;b = 0,1\\ m_{Al} = 0,2.27 = 5,4(gam)\\ m_{Fe} = 0,1.56 = 5,6(gam)\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{11}.100\% = 49,09\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% -49,09\% = 50,91\%\)