Bài 1: Thực hiện phép tính

a) Ta có: \(\frac{3+\sqrt{7}}{3-\sqrt{7}}-\frac{3-\sqrt{7}}{3+\sqrt{7}}\)

\(=\frac{\left(3+\sqrt{7}\right)^2}{\left(3-\sqrt{7}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{7}\right)}-\frac{\left(3-\sqrt{7}\right)^2}{\left(3+\sqrt{7}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{7}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{9+6\sqrt{7}+7-\left(9-6\sqrt{7}+7\right)}{9-7}\)

\(=\frac{16+6\sqrt{7}-16+6\sqrt{7}}{2}\)

\(=\frac{12\sqrt{7}}{2}=6\sqrt{7}\)

b)Sửa đề: \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}+5}{\sqrt{2}-5}-\frac{\sqrt{2}-5}{\sqrt{2}+5}\right):\frac{\sqrt{2}}{23}\)

Ta có: \(\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}+5}{\sqrt{2}-5}-\frac{\sqrt{2}-5}{\sqrt{2}+5}\right):\frac{\sqrt{2}}{23}\)

\(=\left(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+5\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{2}-5\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+5\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}-5\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{2}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-5\right)}\right)\cdot\frac{23}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\left(\frac{27+10\sqrt{2}-\left(27-10\sqrt{2}\right)}{2-25}\right)\cdot\frac{23}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\frac{27+10\sqrt{2}-27+10\sqrt{2}}{-23}\cdot\frac{23}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\frac{20\sqrt{2}}{-\sqrt{2}}=-20\)

c) Ta có: \(5\sqrt{\frac{1}{5}}+\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{20}+\sqrt{5}\)

\(=\sqrt{25\cdot\frac{1}{5}}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot2\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{5}\)

\(=\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{5}\)

\(=3\sqrt{5}\)

d) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}+\sqrt{4.5}+12.5\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}+12.5\)

\(=2\sqrt{2}+12.5\)

e) Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{48}-2\sqrt{75}-\sqrt{54}+5\sqrt{1\frac{1}{3}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot4\sqrt{3}-2\cdot5\sqrt{3}-3\sqrt{6}+5\cdot\sqrt{\frac{4}{3}}\)

\(=2\sqrt{3}-10\sqrt{3}-3\sqrt{6}+\frac{10}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=-8\sqrt{3}+\frac{10}{\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{6}\)

\(=\frac{-24+10}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{9\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\frac{-14-9\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}\)

a) \(\frac{1}{3+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3-\sqrt{2}}=\frac{\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(3+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(3+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{2}\right)}=\frac{6}{3^2-\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\frac{6}{7}\)

b) \(\frac{2}{3\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}}-\frac{3}{2\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{2\left(2\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{3}\right)-3\left(3\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{3}\right)}=\frac{19\sqrt{3}-9\sqrt{2}}{-45+15\sqrt{6}}=-\frac{13\sqrt{3}+10\sqrt{2}}{15}\)c) \(\frac{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)}=\frac{5-2\sqrt{15}+3+5+2\sqrt{15}+3}{2}=\frac{16}{2}=8\)d) \(\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}}-\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}}=\frac{3\left(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}\right)-3\left(2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}\right)}{\left(2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt{3}\right)\left(2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{3}\right)}=-\frac{18\sqrt{3}}{19}\)

a) \(\frac{10+2\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{8}{1-\sqrt{5}}\)

= \(\frac{\left(10+2\sqrt{10}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}+\frac{8\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}\)

= \(\frac{\left(10+2\sqrt{10}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)+8\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}\)

= \(\frac{10-2\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{10}-2\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}-5-\sqrt{10}}\)

= \(\frac{2\left(5-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}-5-\sqrt{10}}\)

= -2

b); c); d) làm tương tự

a) \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}}}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{5}{12}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{6}\right)\cdot3}}{3}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}}}{3}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}}}{3}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{6}\)

b) \(\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}=...\)

c) \(\sqrt{4+\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}+\sqrt{4-\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{5}}}=...\)

d) \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{13+\sqrt{48}}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{13+4\sqrt{3}}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+\sqrt{\left(1+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+1+2\sqrt{3}}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{4}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\cdot\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3-\sqrt{3}-1}\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{3}-1\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(6+2\sqrt{12}+2\right)}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(6+4\sqrt{3}+2\right)}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\left(8+4\sqrt{3}\right)}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot4\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(4-3\right)\cdot4}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{1\cdot4}}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{2}\)

\(=1\)

a/\(\frac{10+2\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{8}{1-\sqrt{5}}=\frac{2\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}+\frac{8}{1-\sqrt{5}}=2\sqrt{5}+\frac{8}{1-\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\frac{2\sqrt{5}-10+8}{1-\sqrt{5}}=\frac{-2\left(1-\sqrt{5}\right)}{1-\sqrt{5}}=-2\)

b/Đề sai

c/\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3+\sqrt{3}}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3-\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{2}\left(\frac{3+\sqrt{3}+3-\sqrt{3}}{\left(3+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{3}\right)}\right)=\frac{6\sqrt{2}}{6}=\sqrt{2}\)

d/ \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)^2-8\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{5}-4}=\frac{9+4\sqrt{5}-8\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{5}-4}=\frac{9-4\sqrt{5}}{2\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}{2\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-2}{2}\)

a/ Bạn ghi nhầm đề rồi

c/ \(2\sqrt{18\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{5\sqrt{48}}\)   

     \(=2\sqrt{18}.\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{\sqrt{48}}\)

       \(=2.3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}-3\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{4\sqrt{3}}\)

       \(=2.3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}-6\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\)

        \(=2\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\left(3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{5}\right)\)

         \(=2\sqrt{\sqrt{3}}\left(3\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{5}\right)\)\(=2\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}\left(3-2\sqrt{10}\right)\)

f/ \(\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)=\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}-2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)

    \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}-2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)

      \(=\sqrt{3}+1-2\sqrt{3}+2=3-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)

g/ \(\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}-2\sqrt{3}+2007\)

   \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-2\sqrt{3}+2007\)

     \(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}+2007\)

       \(=2007\)