a) Bảo toàn khối lượng : $n_{O(oxit)} = \dfrac{23,88 - 15,72}{16} = 0,51(mol)$
$2H^+ + O^{2-} \to H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_O =  0,51.2 = 1,02(mol)$

b)

$n_{Cl^-} = n_{HCl} = 1,02(mol)$
Suy ra : 

$m_{muối} = m_{kim\ loại} + m_{Cl} = 15,72 + 1,02.35,5 =51,93(gam)$

Bài 1:

Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐL BTKL, có: m _oxit + m_HCl = m_muối + m_H2O

⇒ m_muối = 2,8 + 0,1.36,5 - 0,05.18 = 5,55 (g)

Bài 2:

\(m_{KOH}=200.5,6\%=11,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2KOH+CuCl_2\rightarrow2KCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

Bài 3:

Ta có: \(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{m_{NaCl}}{m_{NaCl}+m_{H_2O}}.100\%=32\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{m_{NaCl}}{m_{NaCl}+200}=0,32\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}\approx94,12\left(g\right)\)

Bài 4:

Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{15}{100}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CaO\left(LT\right)}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CaO\left(LT\right)}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow H=\dfrac{6,72}{8,4}.100\%=80\%\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

n_Fe = n_H2 = 0,3 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)

b) n_HCl = 2.n_H2 = 0,6 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15M\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\\ m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8g\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6mol\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2l\\ c,C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15M\)

\(Đặt:\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(m_{hh}=24x+56y=13.6\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=x+y=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0.1\\y=0.2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%Mg=\dfrac{0.1\cdot24}{13.6}\cdot100\%=17.64\%\\ \%Fe=100-17.64=82.36\%\)

\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.3=0.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.6}{2}=0.3\left(l\right)\)

\(m_Y=m_{MgCl_2}+m_{FeCl_2}=0.1\cdot95+0.2\cdot127=34.9\left(g\right)\)

Chọn C

Đáp án C.

→ n C l - =   2 n H 2   =   0 , 16   → m m u o i   = 4 , 34   +   0 , 16 . 35 , 5   = 10 , 02

Để xem rõ hơn bạn ấn chuột phải , lưu hình ảnh thành rồi coi  nhá