Đặt biểu thức trên là A.

Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)\)).(\(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\))=1

=>\(\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\)

Từ trên: \(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right).\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{2n+1}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1+n}\)

Lại có :\(\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\left(n+1\right)+n}< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\left(n+1\right).n}=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right)\)(Bất đẳng thức Cô-si)

Thế số vào, ta được :

A<\(\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)=\(\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \frac{1}{2}\)

chỗ \(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\)phải là \(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\)

a, Ta có

\(\frac{2}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{2\cdot\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{2n+1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n+1}}< \frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n}}\)

mà \(\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{4n^2+4n}}=\frac{2\cdot\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}-\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)

b, áp dụng bđt ta có

\(\frac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{4023\cdot\left(\sqrt{2011}+\sqrt{2012}\right)}< \frac{2011}{2013}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot1+1\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot2+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2\cdot2011+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2011}-\sqrt{2012}\right)}\)

\(< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)..

\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{\sqrt{2012}-1}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{2011}{\sqrt{2012}\cdot\left(\sqrt{2012}+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2011}{2012+\sqrt{2012}}< \frac{2011}{2013}\)

Bạn Nhật sai đề bài

Câu. a. Dòng thứ nhất xuống dòng thứ 2. Em chú ý mẫu số sai rồi.

b. Công thức có số 2 trên tử số. Mà em ko đưa số 2 vào thì sao áp dụng dc công thức?

a)\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right).\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2.n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)

b)\(S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)

\( S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)

\(a,\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}\left(n+1-n\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\sqrt{n-1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\sqrt{n-1}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}-\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}\cdot\sqrt{n+1}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)

b, \(S=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{4}+4\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{400\sqrt{399}+399\sqrt{400}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{399}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{400}}=1-\frac{1}{20}=\frac{19}{20}\)

Đề sai '-'

Bạn tham khảo lời giải tại link sau:

Câu hỏi của Hoa Trần Thị - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến

Lời giải:

Liên hợp ta thấy:

\(2(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})=2.\frac{(n+1)-n}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}}<\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}(1)\)

\(2(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1})=2.\frac{n-(n-1)}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n-1}}>\frac{2}{\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}(2)\)

Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow 2(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n})< \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}< 2(\sqrt{n}-\sqrt{n-1})\)

------------------------

Áp dụng vào bài toán:

\(S=1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{100}}>1+2(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})+2(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3})+...+2(\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{100})\)

\(\Leftrightarrow S>1+2(\sqrt{101}-\sqrt{2})>18(*)\)

Và:

\(S< 1+2(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1})+2(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2})+....+2(\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{99})\)

\(\Leftrightarrow S< 1+2(\sqrt{100}-\sqrt{1})=19(**)\)

Từ $(*); (**)$ suy ra $18< S< 19$ (đpcm)

Ta co:

\(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+1+n}< \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{2\sqrt{n+1}.\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)

Ap vào bài toan được

\(S_n=\frac{1}{3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}+\frac{1}{5\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)

\(< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\right)< \frac{1}{2}\)

iopdtg5 r4ytr'hfgo;hrt687y5t53434]\trvf;lkg

Xét dạng tổng quát có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}\left(n+1\right)+n\sqrt{n}}=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left[n-\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}+n+1\right]}\)

\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)\left[n-\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}+n+1\right]}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{n+\left(n+1\right)-\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}\)

\(< \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{2\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}-\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)

Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có: 

\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}+1\sqrt{1}}< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

.....

\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n+1}+n\sqrt{n}}< \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)

Cộng vế theo vế =>\(VT< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\left(ĐPCM\right)\)