nHCl=0,4.0,1=0,04(mol)

Đặt : nCaO=x(mol); nCuO=y(mol)

\(\Rightarrow\) 56x+80y=1,36(1)

PT: CaO+2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CaCl2+H2O

x 2x x (mol)

CuO+2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CuCl2+H2O

y 2y y (mol)

nHCl=0,04 mol \(\Rightarrow\) 2x+2y=0,04(2)

Từ (1) và (2) giải hệ pt tìm đk : x=y=0,01

%m CaO=41,2% ; %mCuO=58,8%

mCaCl2=0,01.111=1,11g

mCuCl2=0,01.135=1,35 g

nHCL=CM.V=0.1.0.4=0.04(mol)

a. PTHH: CaO + 2HCL suy ra CaCL2 +H20 (1)

x 2x x (mol)

CuO + 2HCL suy ra CuCL2 +H2O (2)

y 2y y (mol)

Gọi nCaO=x (mol) theo pt(1): nHCL=2x (mol)

nCuO=y (mol) theo pt(2): nHCL=2y (mol)

Theo pt (1) và (2) ta có :

mCaO+mCuO =mhh hay 56x + 80y =1.36 (g) (*)

Mặt khác ta lại có : nHCL = 2x+2y=0.04 (mol) (**)

Gỉai (*) và (**) ta đc : x=0.01(mol) ; y=0.01(mol)

nCaO=x=0.01(mol) mCaO=0.01 .56=0.56(g)

nCuO=y=0.01(mol)mCuO=0.01 . 80 =0.8(g)

%CaO=41.18%

%CuO= 58.82%

b., Theo pthh (1) và (2) :nCaO=nCaCL2=x=0.01(mol)

nCuO=nCuCL2=y=0.01(mol)

mCaCL2=0.01.111=1.11(g)

mCuCL2=0.01 . 135=1.35 (g)

\(a)n_{HCl}=0,2.1,5=0,3mol\\ CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\\ CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2n_{CaO}+2n_{CuO}=0,3\\56n_{CaO}+80n_{CuO}=10,8\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow n_{CaO}=n_{CaCl_2}=0,05mol;n_{CuO}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,1mol\\ \%m_{CaO}=\dfrac{0,05.56}{10,8}\cdot100=25,93\%\\ \%m_{CuO}=100-25,93=74,07\%\\ b)C_{M_{CaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25M\\ C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)

\(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)

x            2x            x           x 

\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

y             2y            y          y 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+80y=10,8\\2x+2y=0,2.1,5=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=0,05;y=0,1\)

\(a,\%m_{CaO}=0,05.56:10,8.100\%=25,93\left(\%\right)\)

\(\%m_{CuO}=100\%-25,93\%=74,07\%\)

\(b,C_{M\left(CaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M\left(CuCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{FeO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CuO}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=72a+80b=19.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(FeO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2O\)

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=a+b=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.15\)

\(m_{FeO}=0.1\cdot72=7.2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{CuO}=12\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.25}=0.4\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.15}{0.25}=0.6\left(M\right)\)

-

Fe₂O₃ + 6HCl --> 2FeCl₃ + 3H₂O

Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

- 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.18,25}{100.36,5}=1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

          0,2<----0,4<---------------0,2

            Fe₂O₃ + 6HCl --> 2FeCl₃ + 3H₂O

            0,1<-----0,6

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,2.24}{0,2.24+0,1.160}.100\%=23,077\%\\\%Fe_2O_3=\dfrac{0,1.160}{0,2.24+0,1.160}.100\%=76,923\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

dd chi đó bn

nH2=0,1(mol)

PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

0,1__________0,2___________0,1(mol)

MgO + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O

0,05____0,1___0,05(mol)

mMg=0,1. 24= 2,4(g) -> mMgO=4,4-2,4= 2(g) -> nMgO=0,05((mol)

b) %mMg= (2,4/4,4).100=54,545%

=> %mMgO=45,455%

c) nHCl=0,3(mol) -> mHCl=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)

=> mddHCl=(10,95.100)/7,3=150(g)

Lượng khí hidro thoát ra là 0,15 mol.

a) Al₂O₃ + 2NaOH \(\rightarrow\) 2NaAlO₂ + H₂O

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H₂O \(\rightarrow\) 2NaAlO₂ + 3H₂.

b) Lượng Al phản ứng bằng 2/3 số mol khí hidro thoát ra và bằng 0,1 mol.

\(\Rightarrow\) %m_nhôm=\(\dfrac{27.0,1}{12,9}\).100%\(\approx\)20,93%, %m_{nhôm oxit}\(\approx\)100%-20,93%\(\approx\)79,07%.

a) PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ===> FeCl₂ + H₂

MgO + 2HCl ===> MgCl₂ + H₂O

b) Ta có: n_H2 =\(\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> n_Fe = n_H2 = 0,1 (mol)

=> m_Fe = 0,1 x 56 = 5,6 gam

=> m_MgO = 22,4 - 5,6 = 156,8 gam

c. %_MgO = \(\frac{16,8}{22,4}.100\%=75\%\)

=> %_Fe = 100% - 75% = 25%