a)

b)

=> x + 12 = 0,5 hoặc x + 12= -0,5

=> x = -11,5 hoặc x = -12,5

c)

d)

=> 3x - 2 = -3

=> x = -1/3

e)

f)

g)

h)

a/ \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy ...

b/ \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ..

c/ \(\left(2x-3\right)^3=-8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^3=\left(-2\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-3=-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy ...

d/ \(\left(3x-2\right)^5=-243\)

\(\left(3x-2\right)^5=\left(-3\right)^5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x-2=-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Vậy ...

e/ \(\left(x-1\right)^3=-125\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^3=\left(-5\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-4\)

Vậy..

f/ \(\left(2x-1\right)^4=81\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-1\right)^4=3^4\\\left(2x-1\right)^4=\left(-3\right)^4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=3\\2x-1=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...

g/ \(\left(2x-1\right)^6=\left(2x-1\right)^8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^8-\left(2x-1\right)^6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^6\left[\left(2x-1\right)^2-1\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-1\right)^6=0\\\left(2x-1\right)^2-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=1\\2x-1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy..

MÌNH XIN LỖI, câu A và B mình ghi sai đề

a) \(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b)\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

mn ơi giúp mk vs

a) \(=x^3-\dfrac{1}{27}-x^2+\dfrac{2}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{9}=x^3-x^2+\dfrac{2}{3}x-\dfrac{2}{27}\)

b) \(=x^6-6x^4+12x^2-8-x^3+x+x^2-3x=x^6-6x^4-x^3+13x^2-2x-8\)

\(3\left(2x-6\right)-4\left(1+2x\right)-2\left(x-4\right)=4-3\left(1+2x\right)-5\left(1-2x\right).\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x-18-4-8x-2x+8=4-3-6x-5+10x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-4x-14=4x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-4x-4x=-4+14\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{5}{4}\)

1 

e) E >= 2021 

dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2

g) G = |x-1|+ |2-x| >= |x-1+2-x|=1

Dấu = xảy ra khi (x-1)(2-x)>=0 <=> 1<=x<=2

h) H = |x-1|+|x-2| + |x-3| 

Ta có : |x-1| + |x-3| = |x-1| + |3-x| >= |x-1+3-x| = 2

|x-2| >=0

=> H>=2

Dấu = xảy ra khi (x-1)(3-x) >=0 ; x-2=0

<=> x=2

k) K = |x-1| + |2x-1| 

2K = |2x-2| + |2x-1| + |2x-1|

Ta có : |2x-2| + |2x-1|  = |2x-2| + |1-2x| >= |2x-2+1-2x|=1

|2x-1| >=0 

Dấu = xảy ra (2x-2)(1-2x) >=0; 2x-1=0

<=> x=1/2

e)Vì \(\left|x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left|x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x\\ \Rightarrow2\left|x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|+2012\ge2012\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy...

b)G=|x-1|+ |2-x|\(\)

áp dụng bđt |a+b|+ |c+d|\(\ge\left|a+b+c+d\right|\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow\)ta có |x-1|+ |2-x|\(\ge\) \(\left|x-1+2-x\right|\forall x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\text{|x-1|+ |2-x| }\ge1\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi 1\(\le x\le2\) \(\forall x\)

Vậy...

h)H= |x-1|+|x-2| + |x-3| 

Ta có |x-1| + |x-3|         

=|x-1| + |3-x| ( trong giá trị tuyệt đối đổi dấu không cần đặt dấu trừ ở ngoài)       

 =>|x-1| + |3-x|\(\ge\left|x-1+3-x\right|\forall x\)          

<=>|x-1| + |3-x|\(\ge2\forall x\) (1)

Mà |x-2|\(\ge0\forall x\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2)=> ta có |x-1|+|x-2| + |x-3| \(\ge2\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x-2=0

<=>x=2

Vậy...

k) K = |x-1| + |2x-1| 

2K = |2x-2| + |2x-1| + |2x-1|

Mà : |2x-2| + |2x-1| 

=|2x-2| + |1-2x|\(\ge\text{|2x-2+1-2x|}\) \(\forall x\)

Lại có |2x-1| \(\ge\)0 \(\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra 2x-1=0

<=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy....

e) Ta có: \(2\left|x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left|x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|+2021\ge2021\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta có bất đẳng thức giá trị tuyệt đối: 

\(\left|A\right|+\left|B\right|\ge\left|A+B\right|\)

Dấu \(=\)khi \(AB\ge0\).

d) \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|2x-3\right|\)

\(\ge\left|x+1+x+2\right|+\left|2x-3\right|\)

\(=\left|2x+3\right|+\left|3-2x\right|\)

\(\ge\left|2x+3+3-2x\right|=6\)

Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\ge0\\\left(2x+3\right)\left(3-2x\right)\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow-1\le x\le\frac{3}{2}\).

e) \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x+2\right|+\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-5\right|\)

\(=\left(\left|x+1\right|+\left|3-x\right|\right)+\left(\left|x+2\right|+\left|5-x\right|\right)\)

\(\ge\left|x+1+3-x\right|+\left|x+2+5-x\right|\)

\(=4+7=11\)

Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)\left(3-x\right)\ge0\\\left(x+2\right)\left(5-x\right)\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow-1\le x\le3\).

Do đó phương trình đã cho vô nghiệm.