Lời giải:

Bạn nhớ tới bổ đề sau: Với $a,b>0$ thì $a^3+b^3\geq ab(a+b)$.

Áp dụng vào bài:

$5a^3-b^3\leq 5a^3-[ab(a+b)-a^3]=6a^3-ab(a+b)$

$\Rightarrow \frac{5a^3-b^3}{ab+3a^2}\leq \frac{6a^3-ab(a+b)}{ab+3a^2}=\frac{6a^2-ab-b^2}{3a+b}=\frac{(3a+b)(2a-b)}{3a+b}=2a-b$

Tương tự:

$\frac{5b^3-c^3}{bc+3b^2}\leq 2b-c; \frac{5c^3-a^3}{ca+3c^2}\leq 2c-a$

Cộng theo vế:

$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq a+b+c=3$

Ta có đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+2b^2}=a-\dfrac{2ab^2}{a^2+2b^2}\ge a-\dfrac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^4}}=a-\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{ab^2}\ge a-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+b+b\right)=a-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+2b\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:

\(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+2c^2}\ge b-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(b+2c\right);\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+2a^2}\ge c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(c+2a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+2b^2}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+2c^2}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+2a^2}\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(a+2b+b+2c+c+2a\right)=a+b+c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(3a+3b+3c\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{abc}=1\)Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

Đề bài sai

Đề đúng: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x^2;y^2;z^2\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)

Đặt vế trái BĐT cần chứng minh là P, ta có:

\(P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2y^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+2z^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+2x^2+3}\)

\(P=\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)+\left(z^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)+2}\)

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2xy+2y+2}+\dfrac{1}{2yz+2z+2}+\dfrac{1}{2zx+2x+2}\)

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{xz}{xz\left(xy+y+1\right)}+\dfrac{x}{x\left(yz+z+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{zx+x+1}\right)\)

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{xz}{x.xyz+xyz+xz}+\dfrac{x}{xyz+xz+1}+\dfrac{1}{xz+x+1}\right)\)

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{xz}{x+1+xz}+\dfrac{x}{1+xz+1}+\dfrac{1}{xz+x+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)

\(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{ab+bc+ca}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

Mặt khác ta có:

\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\right)-3=9\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)

Từ đó suy ra đpcm

thử bài bất :D 

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)

Hoàn toàn tương tự: 

\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)

\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)

Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:

\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)

Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )

Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1

1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D 

Ta có:

\(\left(a^2+1\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+\left(c^2+1\right)+\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+c^2\right)+\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)

\(\ge2a+2b+2c+2ab+2bc+2ca=12\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3\ge12\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)

\(P=\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

\(P\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)

\(P_{min}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)