a, ĐKXĐ : \(D=R\)

BPT \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+4< 5\sqrt{x^2+5x+4+24}\)

Đặt \(x^2+5x+4=a\left(a\ge-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)

BPTTT : \(5\sqrt{a+24}>a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+24\ge0\\a< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ge0\\25\left(a+24\right)>a^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-24\le a< 0\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-25a-600< 0\\a\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-24\le a< 0\\0\le a< 40\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-24\le a< 40\)

- Thay lại a vào ta được : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+5x-36< 0\\x^2+5x+28\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-9< x< 4\)

Vậy ....

b, ĐKXĐ : \(x>0\)

BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)< x+\dfrac{1}{4x}+1\)

- Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=a\left(a\ge\sqrt{2}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2=x+\dfrac{1}{4x}+1\)

BPTTT : \(2a\le a^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a\le0\\a\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\ge4\)

- Thay a vào lại BPT ta được : \(x+\dfrac{1}{4x}-3\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-12x+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=(0;\dfrac{3-2\sqrt{2}}{2}]\cup[\dfrac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{2};+\infty)\)

Vậy ...

ĐKXĐ: $x\ge 2$

Chuyển vế và bình phương hai vế:

\sqrt{5x^2 + 27x + 25} - 5\sqrt{x+1} = \sqrt{x^2 - 4}5x2+27x+25​−5x+1​=x2−4​

\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{5x^2 + 27x + 25} = \sqrt{x^2 - 4} + 5\sqrt{x+1}⇔5x2+27x+25​=x2−4​+5x+1​

\Leftrightarrow 5x^2 + 27x + 25 = x^2 - 4 + 25x + 25 + 10\sqrt{(x+1)(x^2-4)}⇔5x2+27x+25=x2−4+25x+25+10(x+1)(x2−4)​

\Leftrightarrow 4x^2 + 2x + 4 = 10\sqrt{(x+1)(x^2 - 4)}⇔4x2+2x+4=10(x+1)(x2−4)​

\Leftrightarrow 2(x^2 - x - 2) + 3(x+2) = 5\sqrt{(x+1)(x^2 - 4)}⇔2(x2−x−2)+3(x+2)=5(x+1)(x2−4)​

Đặt a = \sqrt{x^2 - x - 2} \ge 0;a=x2−x−2​≥0; b = \sqrt{x+2} \ge 0b=x+2​≥0.

Phương trình trở thành 5ab = 2a^2 + 3b^2 \Leftrightarrow (a-b)(2a-3b) = 0 \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{aligned} & a = b\\ & 2a = 3b\\ \end{aligned}\right.5ab=2a2+3b2⇔(a−b)(2a−3b)=0⇔[​a=b2a=3b​.

+ Với $a=b$ thì \sqrt{x^2 - x - 2} = \sqrt{x+2} \Leftrightarrow x^2 - 2x - 4 = 0 \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{aligned} & x = 1-\sqrt5 \ \text{(loại)}\\ & x = 1+\sqrt5 \ \text{(thỏa mãn)}\\ \end{aligned}\right.x2−x−2​=x+2​⇔x2−2x−4=0⇔[​x=1−5​ (loại)x=1+5​ (thỏa ma˜n)​.

+ Với $2a=3b$ thì 2\sqrt{x^2 - x - 2} = 3 \sqrt{x+2}2x2−x−2​=3x+2​

\Leftrightarrow 4x^2 - 13x - 26 = 0 \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{aligned} & x = \dfrac{13 + 3\sqrt{65}}8 \ \text{(thỏa mã)n}\\ & x = \dfrac{13 - 3\sqrt{65}}8 \ \text{(loại)}\\ \end{aligned}\right.⇔4x2−13x−26=0⇔⎣⎢⎢⎢⎡​​x=813+365​​ (thỏa ma˜)nx=813−365​​ (loại)​.

Vậy phương trình có hai nghiệm x = 1+\sqrt5x=1+5​, x = \dfrac{13 + 3\sqrt{65}}8x=813+365​​.

2:

a: =>2x^2-4x-2=x^2-x-2

=>x^2-3x=0

=>x=0(loại) hoặc x=3

b: =>(x+1)(x+4)<0

=>-4<x<-1

d: =>x^2-2x-7=-x^2+6x-4

=>2x^2-8x-3=0

=>\(x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{22}}{2}\)

\(a,PT\Leftrightarrow\left|x+3\right|=3x-6\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=3x-6\left(x\ge-3\right)\\x+3=6-3x\left(x< -3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{9}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{9}{2}\\ b,PT\Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|=\left|2x-1\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=2x-1\\1-x=2x-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,ĐK:x\le\dfrac{2}{5}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow4-5x=25x^2-20x+4\\ \Leftrightarrow25x^2-15x=0\\ \Leftrightarrow5x\left(5x-3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=0\\ d,ĐK:x\le\dfrac{2}{5}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow4-5x=2-5x\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

b: Đặt \(x^2+5x+4=a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=5\sqrt{a+24}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2=25a+600\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-25a-600=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-40\right)\left(a+15\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=-15\)

hay S=∅