Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho các số dương ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b-1}+4(b-1)\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b-1}.4(b-1)}=4a\)

\(\frac{b^2}{a-1}+4(a-1)\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{a-1}.4(a-1)}=4b\)

Cộng theo vế:

\(\frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{a-1}+4(a-1)+4(b-1)\geq 4a+4b\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{a-1}\geq 8\)

Ta có đpcm

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=2$

\(\dfrac{1+a+b}{2}\ge\dfrac{1+a+b+ab}{2+a+b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+a+b\right)\left(2+a+b\right)\ge2\left(1+a+b+ab\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2+a+b+2a+a^2+ab+2b+ab+b^2\ge2+2a+2b+2ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+2ab+3a+3b+2\ge2ab+2a+2b+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+a+b\ge0\)

\(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+7\right)+15\)

\(A=\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x+7\right)\right]\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\right]+15\)

\(A=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)+15\)

Đặt \(a=x^2+8x+11\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(a-4\right)\left(a+4\right)+15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=a^2-16+15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=a^2-1\)

Thay a vào A ( :v ) ta có :

\(A=\left(x^2+8x+11\right)^2-1\)

\(A=\left(x^2+8x+11+1\right)\left(x^2+8x+11-1\right)\)

\(A=\left(x^2+8x+12\right)\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\)

\(A=\left(x^2+2x+6x+12\right)\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\)

\(A=\left[x\left(x+2\right)+6\left(x+2\right)\right]\left(x^2+8x+10\right)\)

\(A=\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+8x+10\right)⋮x+6\left(đpcm\right)\)

* Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{4}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\) với $x,y>0$ vào bài toán có :

\(\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{b+c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{c+a}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế các BĐT có :

\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Ta cần CM:

\(a+b+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{a-b}=0\)

Vậy ta xét: \(a+b+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}+1+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{a-b}\) 

\(=\dfrac{ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(a+1\right)\left(a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{b^2\left(a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{ab\left(a-b-1\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}\) 

\(=\dfrac{a^3b-ab^3+a^3-a^2b+a^2-ab+ab^2-b^3+a^2b-ab^2-ab}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a^2-2\right)+a\left(a^2-b^3\right)+\left(a^2-b^3\right)=0\) (Vì \(ab\left(a-b\right)\ne0\)) 

Đúng vì khi thay \(a=\sqrt{2};b=\sqrt[3]{2}\) , ta đc \(VT=0\) . Vậy ta có điều phải CM.

Ta co :\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=>\(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{b}{c}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{c}{d}\right)^3\)

=> \(\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}=\dfrac{c^3}{d^3}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}\) (1)

Mặt khác:\(\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\) (2)

Tu (1) va (2)

=> \(\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{b^3+c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{a}{d}\) (dpcm)

Ta có : A = 1/10 + 1/12 + 1/14 + ... + 1/20 > 1/20 + 1/20 + ... + 1/20 . ( 10 số hạng ) = 1/20 * 10 . = 1/2 . Do đó A > 1/2 . Vậy bài toán được chứng minh .

b) \(\dfrac{1}{3a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)

Tương tự cho 2 cái kia rồi cộng lại

\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}.16=\dfrac{8}{3}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\) ... \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{16}\)