$n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{4,08}{102} = 0,04(mol)$

\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

0,04          0,12                    0,04                                (mol)

$m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,04.342 = 13,68(gam)$

$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,12.98}{280}.100\% = 4,2\%$

a)

$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$MgO + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2O$

n Mg = n H2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1(mol)

%m Mg = 0,1.24/6,4  .100% = 37,5%
%m MgO = 100% -37,5% = 62,5%

b)

=> n MgO = (6,4 - 0,1.24)/40  = 0,1(mol)

=> n H2SO4 = n Mg + n MgO = 0,2(mol)

=> C% H2SO4 = 0,2.98/200  .100% = 9,8%

c)

n MgSO4 = n Mg + n MgO = 0,2(mol)

Sau phản ứng : 

m dd = 6,4 + 200 - 0,1.2 = 206,2(gam)

C% MgSO4 = 0,2.120/206,2  .100% = 11,64%

PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=50\left(g\right)\\C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot135}{4+50}\cdot100\%=12,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

                  a_____2a_______a_______a     (mol)

           \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

                  b_____6b_______2b_______3b   (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+102b=18,2\\2a+6b=\dfrac{182,5\cdot20\%}{36,5}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{18,2}\cdot100\%\approx43,96\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=56,04\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{AlCl_3}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,2\cdot95=19\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{18,2+182,5}\cdot100\%\approx9,47\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{182,5+18,2}\cdot100\%\approx13,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) mHCl=182,5. 20%=36,5(g) -> nHCl=1(mol)

Đặt nMgO=a(mol); nAl2O3=b(mol)

PTHH: MgO +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O

a__________2a______a(mol)

Al2O3 + 6 HCl ->  2 AlCl3 + 3 H2O

b_______6b______2b(mol)

b) Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+102b=18,2\\2a+6b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMgO=0,2.40=8(g)

=>%mMgO=(8/18,2).100=43,956%

=> %mAl2O3= 56,044%

c) m(muối)= mAlCl3 + mMgCl2= 133,5.2b+ 95.a= 133,5.0,1.2+95.0,2= 45,7(g)

d) mAlCl3= 26,7(g) ; mMgCl2 = 19(g)

mddsau= 18,2+ 182,5= 200,7(g)

=>C%ddAlCl3=(26,7/200,7).100=13,303%

C%ddMgCl2=(19/200,7).100=9,467%

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{ddsau}=4,8+200-0,2.2=204,4\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{204,4}.100\approx9,295\%\\ d.V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{200}{1,05}=\dfrac{4000}{21}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{4}{21}\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{\dfrac{4}{21}}=2,1\left(M\right)\)

a.b.\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15mol\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

0,15    0,3                          0,15  ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95g\)

c.\(n_{H_2}=0,15.60\%=0,09mol\)

\(Ag_2O+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Ag+H_2O\)

            0,09            0,18             ( mol )

\(m_{Ag}=0,18.108=19,44g\)

\(a.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ TheoPT:n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ b.TheoPT:n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{H_2\left(pứ\right)}=0,15.60\%=0,054\left(g\right)\\ H_2+Ag_2O-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Ag+H_2O\\ n_{Ag}=2n_{H_2}=0,108\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ag}=0,108.108=11,664\left(g\right)\)

a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)

CTHH: \(Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\)(1). \(MgO+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2O\)(2). Số MOL \(MgCl_2\) thu được: \(n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{28,5}{95}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) a) Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg và MgO. Theo đề bài ta có: 24x+40y=8,8(*). Theo PTHH(1)(2) ta có: x+y=0,3(**). Giải (*)(**):\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=8,8\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) Khối lượng các chất: \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\) \(m_{MgO}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\) Thành phần %: \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{8,8}.100\%=54,5\%\)\(\%m_{MgO}=100\%-54,5\%=45,5\%\)

b)Theo PTHH(1): \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\) Theo PTHH(2):\(n_{HCl}=2n_{MgO}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Sigma n_{HCl\left(1+2\right)}=0,4+0,2=0,6\left(mol\right)\) Khối lượng HCl: \(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)khối lượng dd HCl: \(m_{d^2HCl}=\dfrac{21,9.100}{14,6}=150\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo PTHH(1), ta có:\(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)=>\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\) Theo PTHH(2): \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) =>\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\) Ta có:\(\Sigma m_{MgCl_2\left(1+2\right)}=19+9,5=28,5\left(g\right)\) Nồng độ %:\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{28,5}{8,8+150}.100\%=17,95\%\)

`Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl_2 +H_2↑`

`0,2`     `0,4`              `0,2`      `0,2`        `(mol)`

`n_[HCl] = [ [ 7,3 ] / 100 . 200 ] / [ 36,5 ] = 0,4 (mol)`

`a) m_[Mg] = 0,2 . 24 = 4,8 (g)`

`b) C%_[MgCl_2] = [ 0,2 . 95 ] / [ 4,8 + 200 - 0,2 . 2 ] . 100 ~~ 9,3%`