2.

Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{\left(b+c+d\right)^3}\left(1\right)\)

Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(dpcm\right)\)

\(\dfrac{bz-cy}{a}=\dfrac{cx-az}{b}=\dfrac{ay-bx}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\dfrac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\dfrac{acy-bcx}{c^2}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\dfrac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\dfrac{acy-bcx}{c^2}=\dfrac{abz-acy+bcx-abz+acy-bcx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0\)

Suy ra \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}bz=cy\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\\cx=az\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{z}{c}\\ay=bx\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)

p/s: đã sửa đề

b/ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(1\right)\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)

=> \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{c+d+b}\right)^3\) (2)Từ (1) và (2)=>đpcm

ai giúp mình với mọi người ơi ahuhu

y sì

huhu khó wa mọi người ơi

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{x^3}=\dfrac{b}{y^3}=\dfrac{c}{z^3}=m\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{x^2}+\dfrac{b}{y^2}+\dfrac{c}{z^2}=\dfrac{a}{x^3}.x+\dfrac{b}{y^3}.y+\dfrac{c}{z^3}.z=m.x+m.y+m.z=m\left(x+y+z\right)=m\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{x^2}+\dfrac{b}{y^2}+\dfrac{c}{z^2}}=\sqrt[3]{m}\) (1)

Lại có:

\(\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{x^3}.x^3}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b}{y^3}.y^3}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c}{z^3}.z^3}=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{x^3}}.x+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b}{y^3}}.y+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c}{z^3}}.z=\sqrt[3]{m}.x+\sqrt[3]{m}.y+\sqrt[3]{m}.z=\sqrt[3]{m}\left(x+y+z\right)=\sqrt[3]{m}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1), (2)

=> \(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{x^2}+\dfrac{b}{y^2}+\dfrac{c}{z^2}}=\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\) (đpcm)

\(VT\le\dfrac{x}{2x+2y+2}+\dfrac{y}{2yz+2z+2}+\dfrac{z}{2z+2x+2}\)

Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh: \(\dfrac{x}{x+y+1}+\dfrac{y}{y+z+1}+\dfrac{z}{z+x+1}\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+1}{x+y+1}+\dfrac{z+1}{y+z+1}+\dfrac{x+1}{z+x+1}\ge2\)

Thật vậy, ta có:

\(VT=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+x+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(y+1\right)^2}{\left(y+1\right)\left(x+y+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(z+1\right)^2}{\left(z+1\right)\left(y+z+1\right)}\)

\(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z+3\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+3\left(x+y+z\right)+xy+yz+zx+3}\)

\(VT\ge\dfrac{6\left(x+y+z\right)+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+12}{3\left(x+y+z\right)+xy+yz+zx+6}=2\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)

Bài 1: 

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{a-1}{2}=\dfrac{b-2}{3}=\dfrac{c-3}{4}=\dfrac{a-2b+3c-1+4-9}{2-2\cdot3+3\cdot4}=\dfrac{-20}{8}=\dfrac{-5}{2}\)

Do đó: a-1=-5; b-2=-15/2; c-3=-10

=>a=-4; b=-11/2; c=-7