1/ 

Từ \(a-b=2\left(a+b\right)\Rightarrow a-b=2a+2b\Rightarrow a-2a=2b+b\Rightarrow-a=3b\Rightarrow a=-3b\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{-3b}{b}=-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=-3\\2\left(a+b\right)=-3\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=-3\\a+b=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}}\)

\(\Rightarrow a-b+a+b=-3-\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow2a=\frac{-9}{2}\Rightarrow a=\frac{-9}{4}\)

Có: \(a-b=-3\Rightarrow b=a+3\Rightarrow b=\frac{-9}{4}+3=\frac{3}{4}\)

Vậy a=-9/4,b=3/4

2/ Đặt \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=k\Rightarrow x=ak,y=bk,z=ck\)

Ta có: \(\frac{bx-ay}{a}=\frac{bak-abk}{a}=0\left(1\right)\)

\(\frac{cx-az}{y}=\frac{cak-ack}{y}=0\left(2\right)\)

\(\frac{ay-bx}{c}=\frac{abk-bak}{c}=0\left(3\right)\)

Từ (1),(2),(3) => đpcm

Ta có : \(\dfrac{bz-cy}{a}\text{=}\dfrac{cx-az}{b}\text{=}\dfrac{ay-bx}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a\left(bz-cy\right)}{a^2}\text{=}\dfrac{b\left(cx-az\right)}{b^2}\text{=}\dfrac{c\left(ay-bx\right)}{c^2}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\dfrac{a\left(bz-cy\right)}{a^2}\text{=}\dfrac{b\left(cx-az\right)}{b^2}\text{=}\dfrac{c\left(ay-bx\right)}{c^2}\text{=}\dfrac{abz-acy+bcz-baz+cay-cbx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\text{=}0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{bz-cy}{a}\text{=}0\Rightarrow bz\text{=}cy\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{c}\text{=}\dfrac{y}{z}\left(1\right)\)

\(\dfrac{cx-az}{b}\text{=}0\Rightarrow cx\text{=}az\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{a}\text{=}\dfrac{z}{x}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2):

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Phương Ann Nhã Doanh đề bài khó wá Mashiro Shiina Đinh Đức Hùng

Nguyễn Huy Tú Lightning Farron Akai Haruma

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{cy-bx}{x}=\dfrac{az-cx}{y}=\dfrac{bx-ay}{z}=\dfrac{bxz-cxy+cxy-ayz+ayz-bxz}{ax+by+cz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{cy-bz}{x}=0\) \(\Rightarrow cy=bz\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{az-cx}{y}=0\) \(\Rightarrow az=cx\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra : \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)

Lời giải:
Sửa đề: $z$ đầu tiên ở mẫu đổi thành $a$.

Ta có:

$\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}$

$=\frac{abz-cya}{a^2}=\frac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\frac{acy-bcx}{c^2}$

$=\frac{abz-cya+bcx-abz+acy-bcx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{0}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0$

$\Rightarrow bz-cy=cx-az=ay-bx=0$

$\Rightarrow bz=cy; cx=az; ay=bx$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}$

Ta có đpcm.

Lời giải:

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}=\frac{a(bz-cy)}{a^2}=\frac{b(cx-az)}{b^2}=\frac{c(ay-bx)}{c^2}\)

\(=\frac{a(bz-cy)+b(cx-az)+c(ay-bx)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

\(=\frac{abz-acy+bcx-baz+cay-cbx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} bz-cy=0\\ cx-az=0\\ ay-bx=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} bz=cy\\ cx=az\\ ay=bx\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\)

Do đó ta có đpcm.