a) x⁴ - 5x² + 4 = 0 (*)

đặt x² = m (\(m\ge0\))

(*) <=> m² - 5m + 4 = 0

m² - 4m - m + 4 = 0

m(m - 4) - (m - 4) = 0

(m - 4)(m - 1) = 0

vậy m - 4 = 0 hoặc m - 1 = 0 

hay m = 4 hoặc m = 1

m = 4 => x² = 4 => \(x=\pm2\)

m = 1 => x² = 1 => \(x=\pm1\)

d) \(x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=24\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x\left(x-1\right)\right]\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\right]=24\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)\left(x^2-x-2\right)-24=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)^2-2\left(x^2-x\right)+1-25=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+1\right)^2-25=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+6\right)\left(x^2-x-4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-x+6=0\left(1\right)\\x^2-x-4=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

+) Pt (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=-\frac{23}{4}\) ( vô nghiệm )

+) Pt (2) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{17}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{\sqrt{17}}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\\x=-\frac{\sqrt{17}}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\) ( thỏa mãn )

Vậy  pt đã cho có nghiệm \(S=\left\{\pm\frac{\sqrt{17}}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right\}\)

a) 2x²-4x-x+2=0

=> 2x(x-2)-(x-2)=0

=> (2x-1)(x-2)=0

=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 3x²-12x+5x-20=0

=> 3x(x-4)+5.(x-4)=0

=> (x-4)(3x+5)=0

=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\3x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c)x³+2x²-x²-2x+2x+4=0

=> x²(x+2)-x(x+2)+2(x+2)=0

=>(x²-x+2)(x+2)=0

=> x=-2( vi x²-x+2>0)

d) x³-x²-4x²+4x+4x-4=0

=> x²(x-1)-4x(x-1)+4(x-1)=0

=>(x-1)(x²-4x+4)=0

=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x^2-4x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

2x²-5x+2=0

⇔2x²-x-4x+2=0

⇔x(2x-1)-2(2x-1)=0

⇔(x-2)(2x-1)=0

⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\2x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)⇔\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

sậy S=\(\left\{2;\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

x³+x²+4=0

⇔x³+2x²-x²-2x+2x+4=0

⇔(x³+2x²)-(x²+2x)+(2x+4)=0

⇔x²(x+2)-x(x+2)+2(x+2)=0

⇔(x+2)(x²-x+2)=0

⇔x+2=0 và x²-x+2=0

⇔x=-2 và \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}=0\)(vô lý)

vậy S={-2}

\(\left(x^2-5x\right)^2+10\left(x^2-5x\right)+24\)

Đặt \(a=x^2-5x\Rightarrow a^2=\left(x^2-5x\right)^2\)

Thay vào đẳng thức ta có:

\(a^2+10a+24\)

\(=a^2+6a+4a+24\)

\(=a\left(a+6\right)+4\left(a+6\right)\)

\(=\left(a+4\right)\left(a+6\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-5x+6\right)\left(x^2-5x+4\right)\)

\(=\left(x^2-2x-3x+6\right)\left(x^2-x-4x+4\right)\)

\(=\left[x\left(x-3\right)-2\left(x-3\right)\right]\left[\left(x-1\right).x-4\left(x-1\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

Lời giải:

ĐK: $x\geq 0$

Ta có: \(x^2-5x-2\sqrt{3x}+12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2-6x+9)+(x-2\sqrt{3x}+3)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (x-3)^2+(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{3})^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{3})^2(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3})^2+(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{3})^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{3})^2[(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3})^2+1]=0\)

Vì \((\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3})^2+1\neq 0\Rightarrow (\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{3})^2=0\Rightarrow x=3\) (thỏa mãn)

Vậy..........

Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử , ta đươc :

\(x^4+2x^3+5x^2+4x-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x_1=-2\\x_2=1\end{array}\right.;x^2+x+6=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+5\frac{3}{4}\ne0\forall x.\)

Vậy pt đã cho các nghiệm : \(x_1=-2;x_2=1.\)

<=>\(\left(2x^2+2\right)^2-\left(x^2-5x-2\right)^2=0\)

<=>\(\left(2x^2+2-x^2+5x+2\right)\left(2x^2+2+x^2-5x-2\right)=0\)

<=>\(\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(3x^2-5x\right)=0\)

<=>\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)x\left(3x-5\right)=0\)

<=>x+1=0 hoặc x+4=0 hoặc x=0 hoặc 3x-5=0

<=>x=-1 hoặc x=-4 hoặc x=0 hoặc x=5/3

bài này dùng hằng đẳng thức a²-b²= (a-b)(a+b)

\(\left(2x^2+2-x^2+5x+2\right)\left(2x^2+2+x^2-5x-2\right)=0\)

\(\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(3x^2-5x\right)=0\)

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