a) \(\dfrac{2\sqrt{125}-3\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{180}}{-\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{8}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{25.5}-3\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{36.5}}{-\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{8}\)

\(=\dfrac{10\sqrt{5}-3\sqrt{5}-6\sqrt{5}}{-\sqrt{5}}+2\sqrt{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{-\sqrt{5}}+2\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}-1\)

b) \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{18}=\left|\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right|+\sqrt{9.2}\)

\(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\)

c) \(\sqrt{48}-6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{16.3}-2\sqrt{9.\dfrac{1}{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=4\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}=1+\sqrt{3}\)

d) \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{5}}\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}}=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{5}\right).\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)

\(=\left(-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)=-\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)=-3\)

\(c,\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-10\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{48-20-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{28-10\sqrt{3}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+\sqrt{5\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+5\sqrt{3}+5\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{4+5\sqrt{3}+25-5\sqrt{3}}\)

\(=\sqrt{29}\)

\(a.\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x}\)

\(b.\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\sqrt{13-\sqrt{49-2.7.2\sqrt{5}+20}}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{5}+1}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5+1}\right)}=\sqrt{5}-1\)

\(c.\dfrac{\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}{2\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5-\sqrt{13+\sqrt{48}}}}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{5}+1}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}{2\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5-\sqrt{12+2.2\sqrt{3}+1}}}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}{2\sqrt{3+\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}}}=\dfrac{2\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}}=2\left(9-5\right)=2.4=8\)

Câu a

\(\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\\ =\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\ =\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x^2y}+\sqrt{xy^2}}{\sqrt{xy}}\\ =\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{xy}}\\ =\dfrac{2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{2x}{\sqrt{x}}=2\sqrt{x}\)

\(A=\left(2+\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{5}}{2-\sqrt{5}}\right)\left(2+\dfrac{5+3\sqrt{5}}{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)\)

\(A=\left[2-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{\sqrt{5}-2}\right]\left[2+\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)}{\sqrt{5}+3}\right]\)

\(A=\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(A=2^2-\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2\)

\(A=4-5\)

\(A=-1\)

____

\(B=\left(\dfrac{15}{\sqrt{6}+1}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{6}-2}-\dfrac{12}{3-\sqrt{6}}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)

\(B=\left[\dfrac{15\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}+\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}-\dfrac{12\left(3+\sqrt{6}\right)}{\left(3+\sqrt{6}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{6}\right)}\right]\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)

\(B=\left[\dfrac{15\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)}{5}+\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}{2}-\dfrac{12\left(3+\sqrt{6}\right)}{3}\right]\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)

\(B=\left(3\sqrt{6}-3+2\sqrt{6}+4-12-4\sqrt{6}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)

\(B=\left(\sqrt{6}-11\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+11\right)\)

\(B=6-121\)

\(B=-115\)

a) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{20-2\cdot\sqrt{20}\cdot3+9}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3-\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{5}+1}\)

\(=\sqrt{1}=1\)

b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{20-2\cdot2\sqrt{5}\cdot3+9}}\)

\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}-\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{6+3}=3\)

c) Sửa đề: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-\sqrt{48}}}}\)

Ta có: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{13-\sqrt{48}}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{12-2\cdot2\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{3}-1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{3+\sqrt{3}}\)

d) Ta có: \(\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}+\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}+\left(6+2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)+\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{2\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1+\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{4\cdot2\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{8\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{10}\)

\(\left(\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{5}}{2-\sqrt{5}}-2\right)\left(\dfrac{5+3\sqrt{5}}{3+\sqrt{5}}-2\right)\dfrac{\sqrt{15-10\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{10}}{\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{-\sqrt{5}\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)}{2-\sqrt{5}}-2\right)\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}{3+\sqrt{5}}-2\right)\dfrac{\sqrt{5}.(\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2})}{\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=-\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right).(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{2})\)

\(=-3.-1=3\)

`((5-2 sqrt 5)/(2-sqrt5) - 2)((5+3 sqrt 5)/(3+sqrt 5) - 2)`

`= (5-2sqrt 5 - 4 + 2 sqrt 5)/(2 -sqrt 5) . (5+3 sqrt 5 - 6 - 2 sqrt 5)/(3 + sqrt 5)`

`= 1/(2-sqrt5) . (-1 + sqrt 5)/(3 + sqrt 5)`

`= (sqrt 5 - 1)/((sqrt 5 + 3)(2 - sqrt 5))`

`b, (sqrt(15-10sqrt2) - sqrt 10)/(sqrt 5)`

`= (sqrt(10 - 2 . sqrt 5.sqrt 10 + 5) - sqrt 10)/(sqrt 5)`

`= (sqrt 10 - sqrt 5 - sqrt 10)/(sqrt5)`

`= -1`

j.

\(J=\left[\frac{1}{\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2})^2}}-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2})}+1\right].\frac{1}{(\sqrt{2}+1)^2}\)

\(=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}}+1\right).\frac{1}{(\sqrt{2}+1)^2}\)

\(=[\frac{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}-(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2})}{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2})(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2})}+1].\frac{1}{(\sqrt{2}+1)^2}=(\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}+1).\frac{1}{(\sqrt{2}+1)^2}=\frac{3+2\sqrt{2}}{3}.\frac{1}{3+2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{3}\)

k. Đề sai sai, bạn xem lại

o.

\(O=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}).\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{4-\sqrt{15}}\)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15}(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})^2}\)

\(=(4+\sqrt{15})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3})=(4+\sqrt{15})(8-2\sqrt{15})\)

\(=2(4+\sqrt{15})(4-\sqrt{15})=2(16-15)=2\)

p: Ta có: \(\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\cdot\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\cdot\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(=18-6\sqrt{5}+6\sqrt{5}-20\)

=-2

\(3\sqrt{9a^6}-6a^3=3\left|3a^3\right|-6a^3\)

Xét \(a\ge0\Rightarrow\) biểu thức \(=9a^3-6a^3=3a^3\)

Xét \(a< 0\Rightarrow\) biểu thức \(=-9a^3-6a^3=-15a^3\)

\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(1-3x\right)^2}=\left|x-1\right|+\left|1-3x\right|\)

\(=1-x+3x-1\left(\dfrac{1}{3}< x\le1\right)=2x\)

\(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\right)=\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}.\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)=2\)

\(\left(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}=\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}=\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2=4^2=16\)

\(\sqrt{23-8\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}=\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{7}-4\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=2\sqrt{7}-4+\sqrt{7}-1=3\sqrt{7}-5\)

\(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{x-1}}+\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}\)

\(=\sqrt{x-1+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}+\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{x-1}+1\right|+\left|\sqrt{x-1}-1\right|\)

\(=\sqrt{x-1}+1+1-\sqrt{x-1}=2\)

\(\sqrt{x+4\sqrt{x-4}}+\sqrt{x-4\sqrt{x-4}}\)

\(=\sqrt{x-4+4\sqrt{x-4}+4}+\sqrt{x-4-4\sqrt{x-4}+4}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-4}-2\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{x-4}+2\right|+\left|\sqrt{x-4}-2\right|\)

Xét \(x\ge8\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-4}\ge2\Rightarrow\)biểu thức \(=\sqrt{x-4}+2+\sqrt{x-4}-2\)

\(=2\sqrt{x-4}\)

Xét \(x< 8\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-4}< 2\Rightarrow\) biểu thức \(=\sqrt{x-4}+2+2-\sqrt{x-4}=4\)