a, PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{19,6}{56}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35.22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,2}=1,75\left(M\right)\)

d, \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,35.152=53,2\left(g\right)\)

e, \(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,35}{0,2}=1,75\left(M\right)\)

d, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.1,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\), ta được H₂SO₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,35=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(SO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaSO_3+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{0,056}{22,4}=0,0025\left(mol\right)=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaSO_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,0025}{0,35}\approx0,007\left(M\right)\\m_{CaSO_3}=0,0025\cdot120=0,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{NaOH}=0.5\cdot0.5=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(2NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)

\(0.25.........0.125...........0.125\)

\(C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0.125}{0.5}=0.25\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(2NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O|\)

             2            1             1            1

            0,4         0,2          0,2

a) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

500ml = 0,5l

\(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)

b) \(n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Na2CO3}=0,2.106=21,2\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

TK:

\(nCO_2=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

pthh:

\(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)

1mol     2mol              1mol        1mol

0,2       0,4               0,2               0,2

\(CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8M\)

\(mNa_2CO_3=\) 0,2 . 106 = 21,2 gam

n CO2=\(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}\)=0,2 mol

TH1

CO₂+2NaOH->Na₂CO₃+H₂O

0,2-----0,4--------------0,2 mol

CM_NaOH=\(\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}\)=0,8 M

=>m _muối=0,2.106=21,2g

TH2 :

NaOH+CO₂->NaHCO₃

0,2--------0,2---------0,2 mol

Cm_NaOH =\(\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)

=>m _NaHCO3=0,2.84=16,8g

\(nCuO=\dfrac{80}{80}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(CuO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Cu+H_2O\)

1             2                            1                        1

\(m_{\left(muối\right)}=1.182=182\left(g\right)\)

\(mCH_3COOH=2.60=120\left(g\right)\)

sao có 100g dd axit mà tới 120g CH3COOH ta

Bài 7:

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo 2 muối

PTHH: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)

                 a_______2a__________a              (mol)

            \(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)

                 b_______b__________b       (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,15\\2a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{CO_2}+m_{ddNaOH}=0,15\cdot44+200\cdot1,25=256,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot106}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,1\%\\C\%_{NaHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot72}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 8:

PTHH: \(RCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow R\left(NO_3\right)_2+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)

Giả sử \(n_{RCO_3}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=2\left(mol\right)\\n_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHNO_3}=\dfrac{2\cdot63}{20\%}=630\left(g\right)\\m_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=R+124\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=44\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{124+R}{R+60+630-44}=0,26582\)

\(\Leftrightarrow R=65\) (Kẽm) \(\Rightarrow\) CTHH của muối cacbonat là ZnCO₃

PT: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,2395}{24,79}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

a, Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05.106=5,3\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)