Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg, Al

Pt: 2Mg + O₂ --to--> 2MgO

........x............................x

......4Al + 3O₂ --to--> 2Al₂O₃

.......y...............................0,5y

Ta có hệ pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=7,8\\40x+51y=14,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

% m_Mg = \(\dfrac{0,1\times24}{7,8}.100\%=30,77\%\)

% m_Al = \(\dfrac{0,2\times27}{7,8}.100\%=69,23\%\)

\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b 

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe_3O_4\\ Fe_3O_4 + 4H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 3Fe + 4H_2O\\ Ta\ có :\\ m_O = m_B - m_{hh} = 5,4 - 4,44 = 0,96(mol)\\ n_O = \dfrac{0,96}{32} = 0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}= \dfrac{1}{3}n_O = 0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al} = 2n_{Al_2O_3} = 0,02(mol)\\ m_{Al} = 0,02.54 = 1,08(gam)\\ m_{Fe} = 4,44 - 1,08 = 3,36(gam)\)

Gọi số mol Zn, Al là a, b (mol)

=> 65a + 27b = 18,4 (1)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

              b-->0,75b

            2Zn + O₂ --t^o--> 2ZnO

              a-->0,5a

=> 0,5a + 0,75b = 0,25 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,2 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{18,4}.100\%=70,65\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{18,4}.100\%=29,35\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(2Zn+O_2\rightarrow 2ZnO \)

\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow 2Al_2O_3 \)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol) \)

\(Theo PT : x = 0,2 mol ; y = 0,2 mol \)

\(\%\)\(m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{18,4}.100\)\(\%\)\(=70,65 \)\(\%\)

\(\%\)\(m_{Al}=100\)\(\%\)\(-70,65=29,35\)\(\%\)

PT : \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (1)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (2)

Gọi: số mol Mg và Al lần lượt là : x và y (mol)

( x,y > 0 )

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=24x\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=27y\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow24x+27y=7,5\) (1)

Theo pt (1) : \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=40x\left(mol\right)\)

(2) : \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\frac{2}{4}n_{Al}=\frac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=102.\frac{1}{2}y=51y\left(g\right)\)

=> \(40x+51y=13,1\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) ,ta có hệ pt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=7,5\\40x+51y=13,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải hệ pt,ta đc: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Al}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn)

a,Theo pt (1) : \(n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}n_{Mg}=\frac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

(2) : \(n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=\frac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\frac{3}{4}.0,1=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(n_{O_2}=0,1+0,075=0,175\left(mol\right)\)

=> Số phân tử oxi tham gia phản ứng là: \(0,175.6.10^{23}=1,05.10^{23}\)

b, Ta có: \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)

=> Thành phần phần trăm về khối lượng mỗi kim loại trong hh đầu là:

\(\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8}{7,5}.100\%=64\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\frac{2,7}{7,5}.100\%=36\%\)

=.= hk tốt!!

a, \(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2AlCl_3\)

\(2Fe+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3\)

b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 27x + 56y = 7,8 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{107}{435}\left(mol\right)\\y=\dfrac{3}{145}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=\dfrac{107}{435}.27\approx6,64\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{145}.56\approx1,16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Gọi số mol Al, Zn là 2a, a (mol)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

          2a-->1,5a---------->a

             2Zn + O₂ --t^o--> 2ZnO

            a---->0,5a------->a

=> \(102a+81a=18,3\)

=> a = 0,1 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=45,378\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{0,2.27+0,1.65}.100\%=54,622\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(n_{O_2}=1,5a+0,5a=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

- Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27a+24b=10,2\left(1\right)\)

Khí thu được sau p/ứ là khí H₂: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

2                                         3       (mol)

a                                        3/2 a   (mol)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

1                                        1   (mol)

b                                         b   (mol)

Từ hai PTHH trên ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\) ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=10,2\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải ra ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\%Al=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{hh}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10,2}.100\%\approx52,94\%\)

\(\%Mg=100\%-\%Al=100\%-52,94=47,06\%\)

b)

 \(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow^{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)

3               1              2  (mol)

0,5            1/6         1/3  (mol)

\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.56=\dfrac{56}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{1}{6}.160=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=60-m_{Fe}=60-\dfrac{56}{3}=\dfrac{124}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(a=\dfrac{124}{3}+\dfrac{80}{3}=68\left(g\right)\)