a) 1 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16

= 16/16 + 4/16 + 2/16 + 1/16

= 23/16

b) 2 - 1/8 - 1/12 - 1/16

= 96/48 - 6/46 - 4/48 - 3/48

= 83/48

c) 4/99 × 18/5 : 12/11 + 3/5

= 8/55 : 12/11 + 3/5

= 2/15 + 3/5

= 2/15 + 9/15

= 11/15

d) (1 - 3/4) × (1 + 1/3) : (1 - 1/3)

= 1/4 × 4/3 : 2/3

= 1/3 : 2/3

= 2

1 + 1/4 + 1/8 + 1/16

= 16 + 4 + 2 + 1 / 16

=23/16

2-1/8-1/12-1/16

= 96 - 6 - 4 - 3 / 48

= 83 / 48

4/99 x 18/5 : 12 /11 + 3/5

= 4/99 x 18/5 x 11/12 + 3/5

= 2/15 + 3/5

= 11/15

(1 - 3/4) x (1+1/3) : (1-1/3) 

= 1/4 x 4/3 : 2/3

= 1/4 x 4/3 x 3/2

= 1/2

a) \(\dfrac{2x+5}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2x+1+4}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2x+1}{2x+1}+\dfrac{4}{2x+1}=1+\dfrac{4}{2x+1}\)  

Để \(\dfrac{2x+5}{2x+1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{4}{2x+1}\in Z\) 

\(\Rightarrow4\) ⋮ \(2x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow2x+1\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow2x\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3;3;-5\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;-1;\dfrac{1}{2};-\dfrac{3}{2};\dfrac{3}{2};-\dfrac{5}{2}\right\}\)

Mà x nguyên \(\Rightarrow\text{x}\in\left\{0;-1\right\}\) 

b) \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x+1}=\dfrac{3x+3+2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)+2}{x+1}=\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{x+1}=3+\dfrac{2}{x+1}\) 

Để \(\dfrac{3x+5}{x+1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{2}{x+1}\in Z\) 

\(\Rightarrow2\) ⋮ \(x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow x+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3\right\}\) 

c) \(\dfrac{3x+8}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x-3+11}{x-1}=\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)+11}{x-1}=\dfrac{3\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}+\dfrac{11}{x-1}=3+\dfrac{11}{x-1}\)  

Để: \(\dfrac{3x+8}{x-1}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{11}{x-1}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow11\) ⋮ \(x-1\)

\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{1;-1;11;-11\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{2;0;12;-10\right\}\)

d) \(\dfrac{5x+12}{x-2}=\dfrac{5x-10+22}{x-2}=\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)+22}{x-2}=\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{x-2}+\dfrac{22}{x-2}=5+\dfrac{22}{x-2}\)

Để: \(\dfrac{5x+12}{x-2}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{22}{x-2}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow22\) ⋮ \(x-2\)

\(\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(22\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;11;-11;22;-22\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;13;-9;24;-20\right\}\)

e) \(\dfrac{7x-12}{x+16}=\dfrac{7x+112-124}{x+16}=\dfrac{7\left(x+16\right)-124}{x+16}=\dfrac{7\left(x+16\right)}{x+16}-\dfrac{124}{x+16}=7-\dfrac{124}{x+16}\)

Để \(\dfrac{7x-12}{x+16}\in Z\) thì \(\dfrac{124}{x+16}\in Z\) 

\(\Rightarrow124\) ⋮ \(x+16\)

\(\Rightarrow x+16\inƯ\left(124\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;31;-31;62;-62;124;-124\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-15;-17;-14;-18;-12;-20;15;-47;46;-78;108;-140\right\}\)

Bài 1. tìm x :

a, -16 + 23 + x = -16 

            23 + x = -16-(-16)

            23 + x = 0

                    x = 0 - 23 

            Vậy: x = -23

b, 2x - 35 = 15

    2x       = 15 + 35

    2x       = 50

      x       = 50 : 2

Vậy: x     = 25

c, 3x + 17 = 12

    3x        = 12 - 17

    3x        = -5 

Vậy: x        = -5/3

d, | x - 1 | = 0

      x - 1  = 0

      x       = 0 + 1

Vậy: x     = 1

e, -13 . | x | = -26

    -13 .  x   = -26

             x   = -26 : ( -13 )

     Vậy: x   = 2

Mik làm bài 1 còn bài 2 bn tự làm nha

Hok tốt!!!

`@` `\text {Ans}`

`\downarrow`

`1,`

`a)`

`5 \times 72 \times 10 \times 2`

`= 5 \times 2 \times 10 \times 72`

`= 10 \times 10 \times 72`

`= 100 \times 72`

`= 7200`

`b)`

`40 \times 125`

`= 4 \times 10 \times 25 \times 5`

`= (5 \times 10) \times (4 \times 25)`

`= 50 \times 100`

`= 5000`

`c)`

`4 \times 2021 \times 25`

`= (4 \times 25) \times 2021`

`= 100 \times 2021`

`= 202100`

`d)`

`16 \times 6 \times 25`

`= 4 \times 4 \times 6 \times 25`

`= (4 \times 25) \times 4 \times 6`

`= 100 \times 24`

`= 2400`

`2,`

`a)`

`24 \times 57 + 43 \times 24`

`= 24 \times (57+43)`

`= 24 \times 100`

`= 2400`

`b)`

`12 \times 19 + 80 \times 12 +12`

`= 12 \times (19 + 80 + 1)`

`= 12 \times 100`

`= 1200`

`c)`

`(36 \times 15 \times 169) \div (5 \times 18 \times 13)`

`= 36 \times 15 \times 169 \div 5 \div 18 \div 13`

`= 6 \times 6 \times 3 \times 5 \times 13 \times 13 \div 5 \div 3 \times 6 \div 13`

`= (6 \div 6) \times (3 \div 3) \times (5 \div 5) \times (13 \div 13) \times 6 \times 13`

`= 6 \times 13`

`= 78`

`d)`

`(44 \times 52 \times 60) \div ( 11 \times 13 \times 15)`

`= 44 \times 52 \times 60 \div 11 \div 13 \div 15`

`= 4 \times 11 \times 13 \times 4 \times 15 \times 4 \div 11 \div 13 \div 15`

`= (11 \div 11) \times (13 \div 13) \times (15 \div 15) \times 4 \times 4 \times`

`= 4 \times 4 \times 4`

`= 64`

`3,`

`a)`

`x - 280 \div 35 = 5 \times 54`

`x - 8 = 270`

`x = 270 + 8`

`x = 278`

`b)`

`(x - 280) \div 35 = 54 \div 4`

`(x - 280) \div 35 = 13,5`

`x - 280 = 13,5 \times 35`

`x - 280 = 472,5`

`x = 472,5 + 280`

`x = 752,5`

`c)`

`(x - 128 + 20) \div 192 = 0`

`x - 128 + 20 = 0 \times 192`

`x - 128 + 20 = 0`

`x - 108 = 0`

`x = 0 + 108`

`x = 108`

`d)`

`4 \times (x + 200) = 460 + 85 \times 4`

`4 \times (x+200) = 460 + 340`

`4 \times (x+200) = 800`

`x + 200 = 800 \div 4`

`x + 200 = 200`

`x = 200 - 200`

`x = 0`

`4,`

`a)`

`7/12 - 5/12`

`= (7 - 5)/12`

`= 2/12`

`= 1/6`

`b)`

`8/11 + 19/11`

`= (8+19)/11`

`= 27/11`

`c)`

`3/8 + 5/12`

`= 9/24 + 10/24`

`= 19/24`

`d)`

`3/4 + 7/12`

`= 9/12 + 7/12`

`= 16/12`

`= 4/3`

`5,`

`a)`

`x - 6/7 = 5/2`

`x = 5/2 + 6/7`

`x = 47/14`

`b)`

`12/7 \div x + 2/3 = 7/5`

`12/7 \div x = 7/5 - 2/3`

`12/7 \div x = 11/15`

`x = 12/7 \div 11/15`

`x = 180/77`

`@` `\text {Kaizuu lv uuu}`

1) = 35 . 18 - 35 . 18 = 0

2) = 45 - 5 . 12 + 5 . 9 = 45 - 60 + 45 = 30

3) = 24 . 16 - 24 . 5 - 16 . 24 - 16 . 5

= (24 . 16 - 16 . 24) - 5 (24 - 16)

= 0 - 5 . 8 = 0 - 40 = -40

4) = 29 . 19 - 29 . 13 - 19 . 29 - 19 . 13

= (29 . 19 - 29 . 19) - 13 (29 - 19)

= 0 - 13 . 10 = 0 - 130 = -130

5) = 31 . (-18) + 31 . (-81) - 31 . 1

= 31 [(-18) + (-81) - 1]

= 31 . (-100) = -3100

6) = (-12) . 47 + (-12) . 52 + (-12). 1

= (-12) . (47 + 52 + 1)

= (-12) . 100 = -1200

7) = 13 . 45 - 3 . 45

= 45 (13 - 3)

= 45 . 10 = 450

8) = (-48) + 48 . (-78) + 48 . (-21)

= (-48) . 1 + 48 . (-78) + 48 . (-21)

= 48 . (-1) + 48 . (-78) + 48 . (-21)

= 48 . [(-1) + (-78) + (-21)]

= 48 . (-100) = -4800

1) 35x18-5x7x18

= 35x18-35x18

= 35x(18-18)

= 35x0=0

3) 24.(16-5)-16.(24-5)

= 24.16-24.5-16.24-16.5

=[24.16-16.24]-[24.5-16.5]

= [ 24. (16-16)]- [(24-16).5]

= [24.0]-[8.5]

= 0-40=-40

4) 29.(19-13)-19.(29-13)

=29.19-29.13-19.29-19.13

=[ 29.19-19.29]-[ 29.13-19.13]

= [ 29.(19-19)]-[(29-19).13]

=[29.0]-[10.13]

= 0-130= -130

5) 31.(-18)+31.(-81)-31

= 31.(-18)+31.(-81)-31.1

= 31.[(-18)+(-81)-1]

=31.(-100)

= -3100

6);7);8 tương tự 4);5);6)

Tìm số nguyên x, biết:
1) -16 + 23 + x = - 16

7+x=-16

    x=-16-7

    x=-23
2) 2x – 35 = 15

2x=15+35

2x=50

  x=50:2

  x=25
3) 3x + 17 = 12

3x=12-17

3x=-5

  x=-5/3
4) (2x – 5) + 17 = 6

2x-5=6-17

2x-5=-11

2x=-11+5

2x=-6

  x=-6:2

  x=-3
5) 10 – 2(4 – 3x) = -4

2(4-3x)=10-(-4)

2(4-3x)=14

4-3x=14:2

4-3x=7

3x=4-7

3x=-3

  x=-3:3

  x=-1
6) - 12 + 3(-x + 7) = -18

3(-x+7)=-18-(-12)

3(x+7)=-6

x+7=-6:3

x+7=-2

    x=-2-7

    x=-9

tự đi mà làm

x = -11