Vì \(\left(x-5\right)^{2018}\ge0;\left|2y^2-162\right|^{2018}\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x-5\right)^{2018}+\left|2y^2-162\right|^{2018}\ge0\)

mà \(\left(x-5\right)^{2018}+\left|2y^2-162\right|^{2018}=0\)

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 5 ; \(2y^2=162\Leftrightarrow y^2=81\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=9\\y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì \(\left(x-5\right)^{2018}\ge0\\ \left|2y^2-162\right|^{2018}\ge0\\ \)

Suy ra phương trình dc thỏa mãn khi và chỉ khi x-5 = 0 và 2y^2-162=0

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-5\right)^{2018}=0\\\left|2y^2-162\right|^{2018}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-5=0\\2\left(y^2-81\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\pm9\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.  x=1      y= -3

b.  x=5      y=7/2

c.  x= -1    y= -1/2

d.  x=1/4   y= 1/4

a) x = 1    

y = -3

b) x = 5

y = 7/2

c) x = -1

y = -1/2

d) x = 1/4 

y = 1/4

nha bn

a) \(\left(x-3\right)^{x+5}-\left(x-3\right)^{x+15}=0\)

\(\left(x-3\right)^{x+5}-\left(x-3\right)^{x+5}\cdot\left(x-3\right)^{10}=0\)

\(\left(x-3\right)^{x+5}\cdot\left[1-\left(x-3\right)^{10}\right]=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x-3\right)^{x+5}=0\\1-\left(x-3\right)^{10}=0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\\left(x-3\right)^{10}=1\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\\left(x-3\right)^{10}=\left(\pm1\right)^{10}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=\left\{4;2\right\}\end{cases}}\)

Vậy........

2. CMR:

a. \(\left(x-y\right)\left(x^4+x^3y+x^2y^2+xy^3+y^4\right)=x^5-y^5\)

Ta có: VT=\(\left(x-y\right)\left(x^4+x^3y+x^2y^2+xy^3+y^4\right)=x^5+x^4y+x^3y^2+x^2y^3+xy^4-x^4y-x^3y^2-x^2y^3-xy^4-y^5=x^5-y^5=VP\)=> đpcm.

b. \(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)=x^5+y^5\)

Ta có: VT=\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-x^3y+x^2y^2-xy^3+y^4\right)=x^5-x^4y+x^3y^2-x^2y^3+xy^4+x^4y-x^3y^2+x^2y^3-xy^4+y^5=x^5+y^5=VP\)

=> đpcm.

c. \(\left(x+a\right)\left(x+b\right)=x^2+\left(a+b\right)x+ab\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+bx+ax+ab=x^2+ax+bx+ab\) (đúng)

=> đpcm.

1.

b. \(4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)=3\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2+5x-x-5\right)-\left(x^2+5x+2x+10\right)=3\left(x^2+2x-x-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+20x-4x-20-x^2-5x-2x-10=3x^2+6x-3x-6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+20x-4x-x^2-5x-2x-3x^2-6x+3x=20+10-6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6x=24\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)

Vậy ....

\(a\text{)}.\: \left(8-5x\right)\left(x+2\right)+4\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow8x-5x^2+16-10x+4x^2-4x-8+2x^2-8=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-6\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(3x^2+3y^2+4xy+2x-2y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1+y^2-2y+1+2x^2+4xy+2y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2=0\)

Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)

\(2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)

Do đó: \(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-1=0\\x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=1\\-1+1=0\left(đúng\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay x=-1 và y=1 vào biểu thức \(M=\left(x+y\right)^{2016}+\left(x+2\right)^{2017}+\left(y-1\right)^{2018}\), ta được: 

\(M=\left(-1+1\right)^{2016}+\left(-1+2\right)^{2017}+\left(1-1\right)^{2018}\)

\(=0^{2016}+1^{2017}+0^{2018}=1\)

Vậy: M=1

Vì : (3x+1)²⁰¹⁸+(2y-1)²⁰¹⁸+\(\left|x+2y-z\right|\)²⁰¹⁸=0

Nên: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(3x+1\right)^{2018}=0\\\left(2y-1\right)^{2018}\\\left|x+2y-z\right|^{2018}=0\end{matrix}\right.=0\) ⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=0\\2y-1=0\\x+2y-z=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{3}\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{-1}{3}+1-z=0\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{3}\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\z=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy : x=\(\dfrac{-1}{3}\) ; y=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; z=\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x^2+y^2+z^2-1\right|=0\\\left(3y-4z\right)^4\ge0\\\left(3x-2y\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left|x^2+y^2+z^2-1\right|+\left(3y-4z\right)^4+\left(3x-2y\right)^2\ge0\)

dấu = xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x^2+y^2+z^2-1\right|=0\\\left(3y-4z\right)^4=0\\\left(3x-2y\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2+z^2=1\\3y=4z\\3x-2y=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2+z^2=1\\y=\frac{4z}{3}\\x=\frac{2y}{3}\end{cases}}\)

Vậy ...

p/s bài này chắc chỉ có dạng chung thôi bn :)