1. The man who’s talking to the policeman has just returned home from Paris.

2. The novel which was bought by my sister is very interesting.

3. The students who make noise in class will be punished.

4. Passengers who travelled on this bus bought their tickets in books.

5. Do you see the notice which warns people not to enter the military zone?

6. The stairs which lead to the cellar are rather slippery.

7. We had a river in which we could swim.

8. You are the last person who saw her alive.

9. The pilot was the only one who survived the air crash.

9. He was the second man who was killed in this way.

10. Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon.

11. Here are some accounts that you must check.

12. I’ve got a bottle of wine but I haven’t got anything that I could open it with.

13. I have some letters that I must write.

14. He simply loves parties. He is always the first who comes and the last who goes.

15. The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the Clyde.

16. My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.

17. Kuala Lumpur, which is the capital city of Malaysia, is a major trade center in Southeast Asia.

18. Emma Thompson is the most famous actress who will appear on stage here.

19. We have some picture books that children can read.

20.I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.

Rewrite the following sentences, replace the relative clauses by present participle phrases.

2. Who was that good looking man who is talking to Alison?

3. The nurse who is looking after my aunt is very kind to her.

4. The road which joins the two villages is very narrow

5. Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom.

6. All the rubbish that is floating in the sea is a real danger to health

7. Thompson is the most famous actreess who appears on stage here.

8. Daniel was the most suitable candidate who applied for the job.

9. The helicopter which was flying toward the lake made a low droning sound.

10. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.

Rewrite the sentences using participle clauses to replace the relative clauses.

1 I saw three men who were arguing about a taxi.

I saw three men arguing about a taxi.

2 We talked to a young man who wanted to study in England.

3 A suspected burglar, who had been arrested by the police, has escaped.

4 My uncle bought a pen that was made of gold.

5 She was wearing a necklace that belonged to her grandmother.

6 Three men, who were coming out of the restaurant late at night, saw the robbery.

Use reduced relative clauses in place of the relative clauses

144. Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page.  

145. Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom.  

146. John, who was taken by surprise, hardly knew what to say. 

.147. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.  

148. We drove along the road that was still flooded after the heavy rain. 

149. The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress 

150. The wild ox which is kept at Nam Cat Tien National Park is of a special kind  

151. The helicopter which was flying toward the lake made a low droning sound.  

152. The winner of the marathon, who was breathing deeply and smiling at the crowd, raised her right hand and waved.  

153. Any student who does not want to go on the trip should inform the office.  

Use reduced relative clauses in place of the relative clauses

144. Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page. 

145. Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom. 

146. John, who was taken by surprise, hardly knew what to say.  

147. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.

 148. We drove along the road that was still flooded after the heavy rain. 

149. The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress  

150. The wild ox which is kept at Nam Cat Tien National Park is of a special kind  

151. The helicopter which was flying toward the lake made a low droning sound. 

152. The winner of the marathon, who was breathing deeply and smiling at the crowd, raised her right hand and waved.  

153. Any student who does not want to go on the trip should inform the office.  

Reduce the following relative clauses, using Participle Phrases:

1. The man who teaches my son is my friend. ->…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The street which leads to the school is very wide.->…………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………

3. My grandfather, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house.->…………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………

4. We are driving on the road which was built in 1980.->……………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………

5. I saw many houses that were destroyed by the storm.->………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………

6. The computers which are used here are very old.->…………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………

7. Trains which leave from this station take an hour to get to London.->…………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………

8. That is the news which surprised us most.->……………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………

9. They’ve just delivered the goods that were ordered last week.->………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………

10. There are some children who are playing in the backyard of the house.->…………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………

11. Do you know the woman who made a very interesting speech last night?->…………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………

12. The foreign language which is being taught in most schools is English.->………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………
13. Astronauts who are orbiting the earth in space capsules are weightless.->…………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………

14. Customers who complain about the service should see the manager.->…………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………

15. The book that is on the top of the shelf is the one that is very useful.->……………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………

16. The vegetables which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals.->………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………

17. The number of students who have been counted is quite high.->………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………

18. The student who sits next to me is from China.->………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………

19. Do you know the music which is being played on the radio?->……………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………

20. He lives in a big house which stands on the top of the hill.->………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………