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Answer:

a) Ta có: \(x:y:z=3:4:5\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}\)

Ta đặt: \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}=k\left(k\inℕ^∗\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3k\\y=4k\\z=5k\end{cases}}\)

Ta có: \(5z^2-3x^2-2y^2=594\)

\(\Rightarrow5.\left(5k\right)^2-3.\left(3k\right)^2-2.\left(4k\right)^2=594\)

\(\Rightarrow5.5^2k^2-3.3^2k^2-2.4^2k^2=594\)

\(\Rightarrow5.25k^2-3.9k^2-2.16.k^2=594\)

\(\Rightarrow125k^2-27k^2-32k^2=594\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2.\left(125-27-32\right)=594\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2.66=594\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2=9\)

\(\Rightarrow k=\pm3\)

Với \(k=3\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3.3=9\\y=3.4=12\\z=3.5=15\end{cases}}\)

Với \(k=-3\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\left(-3\right).3=-9\\y=\left(-4\right).3=-12\\z=\left(-5\right).3=-15\end{cases}}\)

Answer:

b) \(3.\left(x-1\right)=2.\left(y-2\right)\Rightarrow6.\left(x-1\right)=4.\left(y-2\right)\)

Mà: \(4.\left(y-2\right)=3.\left(z-3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow6.\left(x-1\right)=4.\left(y-2\right)=3.\left(z-3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{6.\left(x-1\right)}{12}=\frac{4.\left(y-2\right)}{12}=\frac{3.\left(z-3\right)}{12}\Rightarrow\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\frac{x-1}{2}=\frac{y-2}{3}=\frac{z-3}{4}=\frac{2x-2}{4}=\frac{3y-6}{9}==\frac{\left(2x-2\right)+\left(3y-6\right)-z}{4+9-4}=\frac{2x-2+3y-6-z}{9}=\frac{\left(2x+3y-z\right)-\left(2+6\right)}{9}=\frac{50-8}{9}=\frac{14}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=2.\frac{14}{3}=\frac{28}{3}\\y-2=3.\frac{14}{3}=14\\z-3=4.\frac{14}{3}=\frac{56}{3}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{31}{3}\\y=16\\z=\frac{68}{3}\end{cases}}\)

c) \(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{3.12}=\frac{3y}{4.12}=\frac{4z}{5.12}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{18}=\frac{y}{16}=\frac{z}{15}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau

\(\frac{x}{18}=\frac{y}{16}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{x+y-z}{18+16-15}=\frac{38}{19}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{18}=2\Rightarrow x=18.2=36\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{y}{16}=2\Rightarrow y=16.2=32\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{z}{15}=2\Rightarrow z=15.2=30\)

1, \(x\div y\div z=3\div8\div5\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{z}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{3x}{9}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{2z}{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{3x+y-2z}{9+8-10}=\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{z}{10}=\frac{14}{7}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\cdot3=6\\y=2\cdot8=16\\z=2\cdot5=10\end{cases}}\)

vậy_

các phần sau tương tự

1, \(x:y:z=3:8:5;3x+y-2z=14\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{z}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{3x}{9}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{2z}{10}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\frac{3x}{9}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{2z}{10}=\frac{3x+y-2z}{9+8-10}=\frac{14}{7}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{3x}{9}=2\Rightarrow3x=18\Rightarrow x=6\\\frac{y}{8}=2\Rightarrow y=16\\\frac{2z}{10}=2\Rightarrow2z=20\Rightarrow z=10\end{cases}}\)

Vậy....

2, \(\frac{x}{1}=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{z}{3};4x-3y-2z=36\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{4x}{4}=\frac{3y}{6}=\frac{2z}{6}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có: 

\(\frac{4x}{4}=\frac{3y}{6}=\frac{2z}{6}=\frac{4x-3y-2z}{4-6-6}=\frac{36}{-8}=\frac{-36}{8}=\frac{-9}{4}\)

Làm tương tự để tìm x;y;z

3, \(x:y:z=3:5:\left(-2\right);5x-y+3z=124\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{\left(-2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{5x}{15}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{3z}{-6}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có: 

\(\frac{5x}{15}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{3z}{-6}=\frac{5x-y+3z}{15-5+\left(-6\right)}=\frac{124}{4}=31\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{5x}{15}=31\Rightarrow5x=465\Rightarrow x=93\\\frac{y}{5}=31\Rightarrow y=155\\\frac{3z}{-6}=31\Rightarrow3z=-186\Rightarrow z=-62\end{cases}}\)

Vậy .....

bài 2 :

ta có x:y:z=3:5:(-2)

=>x/3=y/5=z/-2

=>5x/15=y/5=3z/-6

áp dụng tc dãy ... ta có :

5x/15=y/5=3z/-6=5x-y+3z/15-5+(-6)=-16/4=-4

=>x/3=-=>x=-12

=>y/5=-4=>y=-20

=>z/-2=-4=>z=8

1)

Có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{8}=\frac{y}{12}\\\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}\end{cases}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{8}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}}\)

Áp dụng tc của DTSBN có:
\(\frac{x}{8}=\frac{y}{12}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{x-y+z}{8-12+15}=\frac{33}{11}=3\) (vì x-y+z=33)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3.8=24\\y=3.12=36\\y=3.15=45\end{cases}}\)(tm)

Vậy.....................

2)

Có: \(\text{ x:y:z=2:3:4 }\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=\frac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{3y}{9}=\frac{2z}{8}\)

Áp dụng tc của DTSBN có:

\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{3y}{9}=\frac{2z}{8}=\frac{x+3y-2z}{2+9-8}=\frac{3}{3}=1\)(vì x+3y-z=3)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=3\\z=4\end{cases}}\)(tm)

Vậy................

1.\(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{2}.\frac{y}{3}=\frac{54}{6}=9\\\frac{x}{2}.\frac{y}{3}=\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{y}{3}\right)^2\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^2}=\left(\frac{y}{3}\right)^2=9\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=3\\\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{3}=-3\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=6;y=9\\x=-6;y=-9\end{cases}}}\)

2.\(x:y:z=3:8:5\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{8}=\frac{z}{5}=\frac{3x}{9}=\frac{2z}{10}=\frac{3x+y-2z}{9+8-10}=\frac{14}{7}=2\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2.3=6\\y=2.8=16\\z=2.5=10\end{cases}}\)

Đặt x/2=y/3=z/5=k

=>x=2k; y=3k; z=5k

xyz=810

\(\Leftrightarrow30k^3=810\)

=>k=3

=>x=6; y=9; z=15