Xác định a và b :
\(\dfrac{2x^2+ax}{x^2-3x+2}=\dfrac{a}{x-1}+\dfrac{b}{\left(x-2\right)^2}\)
xác định biểu thức A và B
a) \(\dfrac{5x}{x^2+x-6}\)=A+B
b)\(\dfrac{5x+31}{x^2-3x-10}\)=A+B
c)A+B=\(\dfrac{3x+5}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
d)A+B=\(\dfrac{8x+1}{x^2-8x+22}\)
a: \(\dfrac{5x}{x^2+x-6}=\dfrac{5x}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x+12+x-12}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{4}{x-2}+\dfrac{x-12}{x^2+x-6}\)
=>\(A=\dfrac{4}{x-2};B=\dfrac{x-12}{x^2+x-6}\)
b: \(\dfrac{5x+31}{x^2-3x-10}=\dfrac{5x+31}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-15+2x+46}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{x+2}+\dfrac{2x+46}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
=>\(A=\dfrac{3}{x+2};B=\dfrac{2x+46}{\left(x-5\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
c: \(\dfrac{3x+5}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{3x-3+8}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{3}{x-1}+\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
=>\(A=\dfrac{3}{x-1};B=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
Bài 1: Rút gon
a) B=\(\left(\dfrac{x}{3x-9}+\dfrac{2x-3}{3x-x^2}\right).\dfrac{3x^2-9x}{x^2+6x+9}\)
b) A=\(\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-4}+\dfrac{2}{2-x}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}\right):\dfrac{1}{x+2}\)
a) Ta có: \(B=\left(\dfrac{x}{3x-9}+\dfrac{2x-3}{3x-x^2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{3x^2-9x}{x^2+6x+9}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x}{3\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{2x-3}{x\left(x-3\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{3x\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x^2}{3x\left(x-3\right)}-\dfrac{3\left(2x-3\right)}{3x\left(x-3\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{3x\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-6x+9}{3x\left(x-3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{3x\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-6x+9}{x^2+6x+9}\)
b) Ta có: \(A=\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-4}+\dfrac{2}{2-x}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}\right):\dfrac{1}{x+2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{2}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}\right):\dfrac{1}{x+2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\right):\dfrac{1}{x+2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{x-2x-4+x-2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right):\dfrac{1}{x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x+2}{1}\)
\(=\dfrac{-6}{x-2}\)
Tìm điều kiện của x để phân thức sau xác định;
a)\(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x-4}}{2x+2}\)
b)\(\dfrac{x^3+2x}{4x^2-25}\)
c)\(\dfrac{2x^2+2x}{8x^3+27}\)
d)\(\dfrac{2x+1}{\left(2x+2\right)\left(4y^2-9\right)}\)
`a,ĐKXĐ:x-4 ne 0,2x+2 ne 0`
`<=>x ne 4,x me -1`
`b,ĐKXĐ:4x^2-25 ne 0`
`<=>(2x-5)(2x+5) ne 0`
`<=>x ne +-5/2`
`c,ĐKXĐ:8x^3+27 ne 0`
`<=>8x^3 ne -27`
`<=>2x ne -3`
`<=>x ne -3/2`
`d,2x+2 ne 0,4y^2-9 ne 0`
`<=>2x ne -2,(2y-3)(2y+3) ne 0`
`<=>x ne -1,y ne +-3/2`
b) ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{\dfrac{5}{2};-\dfrac{5}{2}\right\}\)
c) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
d) ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\y\notin\left\{\dfrac{3}{2};-\dfrac{3}{2}\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Rút gọn các biểu thức sau :
A = \(2x^2\left(-3x^3+2x^2+x-1\right)+2x\left(x^2-3x+1\right)\)
B = \(2x:\dfrac{1}{2}x+x^2\)
C = \(\left[1:\left(1+x\right)+2x:\left(1-x^2\right)\right]:\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-1\right)\)
D = \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}+\dfrac{y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}\)
E = \(\dfrac{\left|x-3\right|}{x^2-9}.\left(x^2+6x+9\right)\)
F = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-5}-\dfrac{10\sqrt{x}}{x-25}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)
Rút gọn các biểu thức sau :
A = \(2x^2\left(-3x^3+2x^2+x-1\right)+2x\left(x^2-3x+1\right)\)
B = \(2x:\dfrac{1}{2}x+x^2\)
C = \(\left[1:\left(1+x\right)+2x:\left(1-x^2\right)\right]:\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-1\right)\)
D = \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}+\dfrac{y^2}{x+y}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x}\)
E = \(\dfrac{\left|x-3\right|}{x^2-9}.\left(x^2+6x+9\right)\)
F = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-5}-\dfrac{10\sqrt{x}}{x-25}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)
Xác định các số a, b, c sao cho: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2.\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{a}{x+1}+\dfrac{b}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{x+2}\)
Quy đồng vế phải:
\(VP=\dfrac{a\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+b\left(x+2\right)+c\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax^2+3ax+2a+bx+2b+cx^2+2cx+c}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)x^2+\left(3a+b+2c\right)x+2a+2b+c}{\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x+2\right)}\)
Đồng nhất hệ số với tử số vế trái ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c=0\\3a+b+2c=0\\2a+2b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-1\\b=1\\c=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải các phương trình sau:
1. \(a,\dfrac{6}{x-1}-\dfrac{4}{x-3}=\dfrac{8}{2x-6}\)
\(b,\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{5}{x+1}=\dfrac{3}{2-x}\)
\(c,\dfrac{3x}{x-2}-\dfrac{x}{x-5}=\dfrac{3x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(5-x\right)}\)
2. \(a,\left(x+2\right)\left(3-4x\right)=x^2+4x+4\)
\(b,2x^2-6x+1\)
1a.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{1;3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6}{x-1}=\dfrac{4}{x-3}+\dfrac{4}{x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{x-1}=\dfrac{4}{x-3}\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-3\right)=4\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-9=4x-4\Rightarrow x=-5\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{-1;2\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x+1}=\dfrac{3}{2-x}+\dfrac{1}{2-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x+1}=\dfrac{4}{2-x}\Leftrightarrow5\left(2-x\right)=4\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10-2x=4x+4\Leftrightarrow6x=6\Rightarrow x=1\)
1c.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{2;5\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x\left(x-5\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)}-\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)}=\dfrac{-3x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-5\right)-x\left(x-2\right)=-3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-10x=0\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-5\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2a.
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2-5x+6=x^2+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+9x-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2b.
\(2x^2-6x+1=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
Cho P=\(\left(\dfrac{2+x}{2-x}+\dfrac{4x^2}{x^2-4}-\dfrac{2-x}{2+x}\right):\dfrac{x^2-3x}{2x^2-x^3}\)
a/ Tìm điều kiện của x để giá trị P xác định. b/ Rút gọn P
c/ Tính giá trị của P với 2(x-1)=6 d/ Tìm x để giá trị của x để P < 0
a: ĐKXĐ: x<>2; x<>-2; x<>0; x<>3
b: \(P=\left(\dfrac{-\left(x+2\right)}{x-2}+\dfrac{4x^2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{x-2}{x+2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2\left(2-x\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x^2-4x-4+4x^2+x^2-4x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{-x\left(x-2\right)}{x-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x^2-8x}{\left(x+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{-x}{\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{-4x^2\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
c: 2(x-1)=6
=>x-1=3
=>x=4
Thay x=4 vào P, ta đc:
\(P=\dfrac{-4\cdot4^2\cdot\left(4-2\right)}{\left(4+2\right)\left(4-3\right)}=\dfrac{-64\cdot2}{6}=\dfrac{-128}{6}=-\dfrac{64}{3}\)
chứng minh rằng :
a) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-2x}{2x^2+8}-\dfrac{2x^2}{8-4x+2x^2-x}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2}{x^2}\right)=\dfrac{x+1}{2x}\)
b)\(\left[\dfrac{2}{3x}-\dfrac{2}{x+1}\left(\dfrac{x+1}{3x}-x-1\right)\right]:\dfrac{x+1}{x}=\dfrac{2x}{x-1}\)
c)\(\left[\dfrac{2}{\left(x+1\right)^3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{x^2+2x+1}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+1\right)\right]:\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}=\dfrac{x}{x-1}\)
b: \(=\left[\dfrac{2}{3x}-\dfrac{2}{x+1}\cdot\dfrac{x+1-3x^2-3x}{3x}\right]\cdot\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{3x}-\dfrac{2}{x+1}\cdot\dfrac{-3x^2-2x+1}{3x}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+2+6x^2+4x-2}{3x\left(x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{6x^2+6x}{3\left(x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{6x\left(x+1\right)}{3\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{2x}{x+1}\)
c: \(VT=\left[\dfrac{2}{\left(x+1\right)^3}\cdot\dfrac{x+1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{1+x^2}{x^2}\right]\cdot\dfrac{x^3}{x-1}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{x\left(x+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{x^2+1}{x^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)^2}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^3}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+x^2+1}{x^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{x^3}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{x}{x-1}=\dfrac{x}{x-1}\)