Lời giải:
Sửa đề: $z$ đầu tiên ở mẫu đổi thành $a$.

Ta có:

$\frac{bz-cy}{a}=\frac{cx-az}{b}=\frac{ay-bx}{c}$

$=\frac{abz-cya}{a^2}=\frac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\frac{acy-bcx}{c^2}$

$=\frac{abz-cya+bcx-abz+acy-bcx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\frac{0}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0$

$\Rightarrow bz-cy=cx-az=ay-bx=0$

$\Rightarrow bz=cy; cx=az; ay=bx$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}$

Ta có đpcm.

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{cy-bz}{x}=\dfrac{az-cx}{y}=\dfrac{bx-ay}{z}=\dfrac{bxz-cxy+cxy-ayz+ayz-bxz}{ax+by+cz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{cy-bz}{x}=0\Rightarrow cy=bz\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{az-cx}{y}=0\Rightarrow az=cx\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:\(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{cy-bx}{x}=\dfrac{az-cx}{y}=\dfrac{bx-ay}{z}=\dfrac{bxz-cxy+cxy-ayz+ayz-bxz}{ax+by+cz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{cy-bz}{x}=0\) \(\Rightarrow cy=bz\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{az-cx}{y}=0\) \(\Rightarrow az=cx\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra : \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{bz-cy}{a}=\dfrac{cx-az}{b}=\dfrac{ay-bx}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a\left(bz-cy\right)}{a^2}=\dfrac{b\left(cx-az\right)}{b^2}=\dfrac{c\left(ay-bx\right)}{c^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\dfrac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\dfrac{acy-bcx}{c^2}\)

Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\dfrac{abz-acy}{a^2}=\dfrac{bcx-abz}{b^2}=\dfrac{acy-bcx}{c^2}=\dfrac{abc-acy-bcx-abz-acy-bcx}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{bz-cy}{a}=0\\\dfrac{cx-az}{b}=0\\\dfrac{ay-bx}{c}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}bz=cy\\cx=az\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\\\dfrac{c}{z}=\dfrac{a}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Phương Ann Nhã Doanh đề bài khó wá Mashiro Shiina Đinh Đức Hùng

Nguyễn Huy Tú Lightning Farron Akai Haruma