\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

       1          2             1           1

     0,01     0,02                     0,01

a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,01.1}{1}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

   \(m_{Fe}=0,01.56=0,56\left(g\right)\)

  \(m_{Cu}=1,2-0,56=0,64\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Fe = \(\dfrac{0,56.100}{1,2}=46,67\)⁰/₀

 ⁰/₀Cu = \(\dfrac{0,64.100}{1,2}=53,33\)⁰/₀

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,01.2}{1}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,02.36,5=0,73\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,73.100}{10}=7,3\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

nH2=6,72/22,4=0,3 mol

Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl + H2

a                                   a              mol

Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\)  FeCl2 +H2

b                                   b              mol

ta có 24a + 56b =13,6   

và a + b=0,3 

=>a=0,1 mol , b=0,2 mol

=>mMg=0,2*24=2,4 g

=>%Mg=2,48100/13,6=17,65%

=>%Fe=100-17,65=82,35%

nMgCl2=nMg=0,1mol=>mMgCl2=0,1*95=9,5 g

nFeCl2=nFe=0,2 mol=>mFeCl2 = 0,2*127=25,4 g

nHCl=nMg+nFe=0,1+0,2=0,3mol

=>CMHCl=0,3/0,4=0,75M

a)Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp ban đầu (x,y>0)

Sau phản ứng hỗn hợp muối khan gồm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:x\left(mol\right)\\FeCl_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=13,9\\133,5x+127y=38\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,0896\\y\approx0,205\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0896\cdot27\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx17,4\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,205\cdot56\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx82,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl, H ta có:\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{3n_{AlCl_3}+2n_{FeCl_2}}{2}\\ =\dfrac{3\cdot0,0896+2\cdot0,205}{2}=0,3394mol\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3394\cdot22,4\approx7,6l\)

\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b 

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đề câu 2 sao khỏi làm đi

\(n_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{3,48}{87}=0,04(mol)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03(mol)\\ a,MnO_2+4HCl\xrightarrow{t^o}MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl_2(p/ứ)}=0,04(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{Cl_2(p/ứ)}=0,04.22,4=0,896(l)\\ \Rightarrow H\%=\dfrac{0,672}{0,896}.100\%=75\%\)

\(b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,64}{64}=0,01(mol)\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2FeCl_3(1)\\ Cu+Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuCl_2(2)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl_2(2)}=n_{Cu}=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl_2(1)}=0,03-0,01=0,02(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{75}(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{75}.56=0,75(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{hh}=0,75+0,64=1,39(g)\)

\(c,FeCl_3+3AgNO_3\to Fe(NO_3)_3+3AgCl\downarrow\\ CuCl_2+2AgNO_3\to Cu(NO_3)_2+2AgCl\downarrow\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{AgCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}+2n_{CuCl_2}=0,04+0,01=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=\Sigma m_{AgCl}=0,05.143,5=7,175(g)\\ d,FeCl_3+3NaOH\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ CuCl_2+2NaOH\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{naOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}+2n_{CuCl_2}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,05}{2}=0,025(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{NaOH}}=0,025.1,12=0,028(g)\)

a)MnO₂+4HCl→MnCl₂+Cl₂+2H₂O

nMnO₂=3,48/87=0,04mol

n_Cl2=n_MnO2=0,04mol

V_Cl2=0,04×22,4=0,896l

H=0,672/0,896×100%=75%

b)2Fe+3Cl₂→2FeCl₃(1)

Cu+Cl₂→CuCl₂

n_Cu=0,64/64=0,01mol

n_CuCl2=n_Cu=0,01mol

m_CuCl2=0,01×135=1,35g

n_Cl2(1)=0,03−0,01=0,02mol

n_FeCl3=2/3.n_Cl2(1)=1/75mol

m_FeCl3=1/75×162,5=2,17g

m=1,35+2,17=3,52g

Bài 1:

- Trích mỗi chất một ít làm mẫu thử.

- Dùng quỳ tím cho vào các dung dịch:

+ Hóa xanh -> dd Ba(OH)₂ và dd NaOH (Nhóm I)

+ Hóa đỏ -> dd HCl và dd H₂SO₄ (Nhóm II)

- Nhỏ vài giọt dung dịch Na₂SO₄ vào các dd nhóm I, quan sát:

+ Có kết tủa trắng BaSO₄ => dd Ba(OH)₂ 

+ Không có kết tủa => dd NaOH

PTHH: Ba(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄ -> BaSO₄ + 2 NaOH

- Nhỏ vài giọt dd BaCl₂ vào nhóm II, quan sát:

+ Có kết tủa trắng BaSO₄ => dd H₂SO₄

PTHH: H₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ -> BaSO₄  + 2 HCl

+ Không có kết tủa => dd HCl

Bài 3:

\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{8,8}.100\approx63,636\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx36,364\%\\ b.2Fe+6H_2SO_4\left(đặc,nóng\right)\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\\ Cu+2H_2SO_4\left(đặc,nóng\right)\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\\ n_{SO_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1+\dfrac{8,8-5,6}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{SO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

Bài 2:

\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,224}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,01.56}{1,2}.100\approx46,667\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx53,333\%\\ b.n_{HCl}=0,01.2=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,02.36,5}{10}.100=7,3\%\)

Gọi n Fe = a (mol )

       n Mg = b (mol )  (a,b > 0)

--> 56a+24b = 13,2 

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

a            2a           a           a

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b             2b             b            b

----> a+b=0,35 

Ta có hệ Pt :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+24b=13,2\\a+b=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải hệ PT , ta có : 

a= 0,15 

b = 0,2 (mol )

\(V_{HClđủ}=\left(0,15.2+0,2.2\right):0,5=1,4\left(l\right)\)

\(a,m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{13,2}.100\%\approx63,64\%\)

\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{13,2}.100\%\approx36,36\%\)

\(b,m_{FeCl_2}=0,15.127=19,05\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)

\(c,HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

    0,2        0,2 

\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{100.8}{100}=8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{HCldư}=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{HCl}=V_{HClđủ}+V_{HCldư}=1,4+0,4=1,8\left(l\right)\)