1.Phân tích thành nhân tử ( phương pháp nhóm nhiều hạng tử )

a. x^3 + 2x^2 - xy - 2y

\(=x^2\left(x+2\right)-y\left(x+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-y\right)\)

b. xy - 5x + 3y^2 - 15y

\(=xy+3y^2-5x-15y\)

\(=y\left(x+3y\right)-5\left(x+3y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3y\right)\left(y-5\right)\)

c.2xy + 6x + y^2 + 3y

\(=2xy+y^2+6x+3y\)

\(=y\left(2x+y\right)+3\left(2x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+3\right)\)

a) \(x^3+2x^2-xy-2y\)

\(=\left(x^3-xy\right)+\left(2x^2-2y\right)\)

\(=x\left(x^2-y\right)+2\left(x^2-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{y}\right)\)

a) \(x^3+2x^2-xy-2y\)

\(=x^2\left(x+2\right)-y\left(x+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{y}\right)\)

b) \(xy-5x+3y^2-15y\)

\(=x\left(y-5\right)+3y\left(y-5\right)\)

\(=\left(y-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

c) \(2xy+6x+y^2+3y\)

\(=2x\left(y+3\right)+y\left(y+3\right)\)

\(=\left(y+3\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)

\(3,x\left(x-1\right)-y\left(1-x\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-1\right)\\ 4,x^3+6x^2y+12xy^2+8y^3=\left(x+2y\right)^3\\ 5,x^2-2xy+y^2-xz+yz=\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ 6,x^2-y^2-x+y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\\ 9,x^3+x^2-xy+xy+y^2+y^3\\ =x^2\left(x+1\right)+y^2\left(x+1\right)=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ 10,x^2-6\left(x+3\right)-9\\ =x^2-6x-18-9\\ =x^2-6x-27=\left(x-9\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

10: \(x^2-6\left(x+3\right)-9\)

\(=x^2-6x-18-9\)

\(=x^2-6x-27\)

\(=\left(x-9\right)\left(x+3\right)\)

3)(x-1).(x-y)

1. x² + x - y² +y 

= (x²  -y²) + (x+y)

= (x-y)(x+y) + (x+y)

= (x+y)(x-y+1)

2. 4x² - 9y² + 4x -6y

= (2x)² -(3y)² + 2(2x - 3y)

= (2x -3y)(2x+3y) + 2(2x-3y)

= (2x-3y)(2x+3y+2) 

3. x² - 9 - 5x - 15 

= x² - 5x - 24

= x² - 8x + 3x -24

= x(x-8) + 3(x-8)

= (x-8)(x+3)

a) \(x^2+4x-y^2+4\)

\(=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+2-y\right)\left(x+2+y\right)\)

b) \(x^2-2xy-4-4y\)

\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4-4y-y^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-y^2-4y-4\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(y+2\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x+y-y-2\right)\left(x+y+y+2\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2y+2\right)\)

\(4x^2-y^2+8\left(y-2\right)=4x^2-y^2+8y-16\)

\(=4x^2-\left(y^2-8y+16\right)=4x^2-\left(y-4\right)^2\)

\(=\left(4x-y+4\right)\left(4x+y-4\right)\)

x^2 - xy + x - y = x(x - y) + (x - y) = (x - y)(x + 1)

c) \(5x^2+3y+15x+xy=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)

d) \(x^2+6x+9-y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)

e) \(x^2-y^2+2x+1=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)

f) \(x^2-2xy-9+y^2=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)

c: \(5x^2+15x+3y+xy\)

\(=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)

d: \(x^2+6x+9-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)

e: \(x^2+2x+1-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)

f: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-9\)

\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)

x²y-xy²-3x+3y

=(x²y-xy²)-(3x-3y)

=xy(x-y)-3(x-y)

=(x-y).(xy-3)

x²-x-y²-y=(x-y)(x+y)-(x+y)=(x+y)(x-y-1)

\(x^2-x-y^2-y=x^2-y^2-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)