a) x² - 8x + 19 = ( x² - 8x + 16 ) + 3 = ( x - 4 )² + 3 ≥ 3 > 0 ∀ x ( đpcm )

b) x² + y² - 4x + 2 = ( x² - 4x + 4 ) + y² - 2 = ( x - 2 )² + y² - 2 ≥ -2 ∀ x, y ( chưa cm được -- )

c) 4x² + 4x + 3 = ( 4x² + 4x + 1 ) + 2 = ( 2x + 1 )² + 2 ≥ 2 > 0 ∀ x ( đpcm )

d) x² - 2xy + 2y² + 2y + 5 = ( x² - 2xy + y² ) + ( y² + 2y + 1 ) + 4 = ( x - y )² + ( y + 1 )² + 4 ≥ 4 > 0 ∀ x, y ( đpcm )

a : x² + 4x + 7 = (x + 2)² + 3 > 0

b : 4x² - 4x + 5 = (2x - 1)² + 4 > 0

c : x² + 2y² + 2xy - 2y + 3 = (x + y)² + (y - 1)² + 2 > 0

d : 2x² - 4x + 10 = 2(x - 1)² + 8 > 0

e : x² + x + 1 = (x + 0,5)² + 0,75 > 0

f : 2x² - 6x + 5 = 2(x - 1,5)² + 0,5 > 0

a : x² + 4x + 7 = (x + 2)² + 3 > 0

b : 4x² - 4x + 5 = (2x - 1)² + 4 > 0

c : x² + 2y² + 2xy - 2y + 3 = (x + y)² + (y - 1)² + 2 > 0

d : 2x² - 4x + 10 = 2(x - 1)² + 8 > 0

e : x² + x + 1 = (x + 0,5)² + 0,75 > 0

f : 2x² - 6x + 5 = 2(x - 1,5)² + 0,5 > 0

Câu hỏi của ĐỖ THỊ HƯƠNG TRÀ - Toán lớp 8 - Học trực tuyến OLM

mình làm rồi nhé, bạn kham khảo link 

Bài 1.

( 1 - 3x )( x + 2 )

= 1( x + 2 ) - 3x( x + 2 )

= x + 2 - 3x² - 6x 

= -3x² - 5x + 2

= -3( x² + 5/3x + 25/36 ) + 49/12

= -3( x + 5/6 )² + 49/12 ≤ 49/12 ∀ x

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 5/6 = 0 => x = -5/6

Vậy GTLN của biểu thức = 49/12 <=> x = -5/6

Bài 2.

A = x² + 2x + 7

= ( x² + 2x + 1 ) + 6

= ( x + 1 )² + 6 ≥ 6 > 0 ∀ x

=> A vô nghiệm ( > 0 mà :)) )

Bài 3.

M = x² + 2x + 7

= ( x² + 2x + 1 ) + 6

= ( x + 1 )² + 6 ≥ 6 > 0 ∀ x

=> đpcm

Bài 4.

A = -x² + 18x - 81

= -( x² - 18x + 81 )

= -( x - 9 )² ≤ 0 ∀ x 

=> đpcm 

Bài 5. ( sửa thành luôn không dương nhé ;-; )

F = -x² - 4x - 5

= -( x² + 4x + 4 ) - 1

= -( x + 2 )² - 1 ≤ -1 < 0 ∀ x

=> đpcm 

Bài 2 

Ta có A = x² + 2x + 7 = (x² + 2x + 1) + 6 = (x + 1)² + 6\(\ge\)6 > 0

Đa thức A vô nghiệm

Bại 3: Ta có M = x² + 2x + 7 = (x² + 2x + 1) + 6 = (x + 1)² + 6\(\ge\)6 > 0 (đpcm)

Bài 4 Ta có A = -x² + 18x - 81 = -(x² - 18x + 81) = -(x - 9)² \(\le0\)(đpcm)

Bài 5 Ta có F = -x² - 4x - 5 = -(x² + 4x + 5) = -(x² + 4x + 4) - 1 = -(x + 2)² - 1 \(\le\)-1 < 0 (đpcm)

ra vừa thôi mà mấy bài đó sử dùng hằng đẳng thức là ra mà cần gì phải hỏi

a. x²-x+1= x²-2.x.1/2+1²⁼(x-1)²\(\ge\)0

b. \(x^2+x+2=x^2+2.x.\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

c. \(-x^2+x-3=-\left(x^2-x+3\right)=-\left(x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{11}{4}\right)=-\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{11}{4}\right]=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{11}{4}\ge-\frac{11}{4}\)

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: \(A=-x^2-4x-2\)

\(=-\left(x^2+4x+2\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4-2\right)\)

\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2+2\le2\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2

b) Ta có: \(B=-2x^2-3x+5\)

\(=-2\left(x^2+\dfrac{3}{2}x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(=-2\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{49}{16}\right)\)

\(=-2\left(x+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{49}{8}\le\dfrac{49}{8}\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{4}\)

c) Ta có: \(C=\left(2-x\right)\left(x+4\right)\)

\(=2x+8-x^2-4x\)

\(=-x^2-2x+8\)

\(=-\left(x^2+2x-8\right)\)

\(=-\left(x^2+2x+1-9\right)\)

\(=-\left(x+1\right)^2+9\le9\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1

Bài 2: 
a) Ta có: \(=25x^2-20x+7\)

\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)

\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)

b) Ta có: \(B=9x^2-6xy+2y^2+1\)

\(=9x^2-6xy+y^2+y^2+1\)

\(=\left(3x-y\right)^2+y^2+1>0\forall x,y\)

c) Ta có: \(E=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+6\)

\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1>0\forall x,y\)

1/

\(M=3x^2-4x+3=3\left(x^2-\frac{4}{3}x+1\right)=3\left(x^2-2x\cdot\frac{2}{3}+\frac{4}{9}\right)+\frac{5}{3}=3\left(x-\frac{2}{3}\right)^2+\frac{5}{3}\ge\frac{5}{3}>0\)

\(N=5x^2-10x+2018=5\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+2013=5\left(x-1\right)^2+2013\ge2013>0\)

\(P=x^2+2y^2-2xy+4y+7=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+3=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3\ge3>0\)

2/

\(A=10x-6x^2+7=-6x^2+10x+7=-6\left(x^2-\frac{10}{6}x+\frac{25}{36}\right)-\frac{11}{6}=-6\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2-\frac{11}{6}\le-\frac{11}{6}< 0\)

\(B=-3x^2+7x+10=-3\left(x^2-\frac{7}{3}x+\frac{49}{36}\right)-\frac{311}{12}=-3\left(x-\frac{7}{6}\right)^2-\frac{311}{12}\le-\frac{311}{12}< 0\)

\(C=2x-2x^2-y^2+2xy-5=\left(2x-x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2-4=-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2-4\)\(\le-4< 0\)

`A=x^2 -4x+18`

`=x^2 -4x+4+14`

`=(x-2)^2 +14`

Có `(x-2)^2 >=0 AAx`

`=> (x-2)^2 +14>= 14>0 AAx`

Vậy ....

`B=x^2 -x+2`

`=x^2 -x+1/4+7/4`

`=(x-1/2)^2 +7/4`

có `(x-1/2)^2 >=0 AAx`

`=> (x-1/2)^2 +7/4>=7/4>0 AAx`

Vậy ...........

`C=x^2 +2y^2 -2xy-2y+15`

`=x^2 -2xy+y^2 +y^2 -2y+1+14`

`=(x-y)^2 +(y-1)^2 +14`

Có `(x-y)^2 >=0 AAx,y` ;   `(y-1)^2 >=0 AAy`

`=>(x-y)^2 +(y-1)^2 +14 >=14>0 AAx;y`

Vậy

a) \(A=x^2+2x+2\)

\(=x^2+2x+1+1\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)

b) \(B=4x^2-4x+11\)

\(=4x^2-4x+1+10\)

\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2+10>0\forall x\)

c) \(C=x^2-x+1\)

\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)

d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+6\)

\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4+1\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1>0\forall x,y\)

e) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2-8x+20\)

\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2-8x+16+4\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+4>0\forall x,y\)

\(A=x^2+2x+2=\left(x+1\right)^2+1\ge1>0\left(\forall x\right)\)

\(B=4x^2-4x+11=\left(2x-1\right)^2+10\ge10>0\left(\forall x\right)\)

\(C=x^2-x+1=x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)

\(D=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+6=x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4+1\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1>0\)

\(E=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2-8x+16+4\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-4\right)^2+4\ge4>0\)\(\left(\forall x,y\right)\)