cho \(\dfrac{x^2-y.z}{a}=\dfrac{y^2-x.z}{b}=\dfrac{z^2-x.y}{c}\)
thì \(\dfrac{a^2-b.c}{x}=\dfrac{b^2-a.c}{y}=\dfrac{c^2-ab}{z}\)
1.Tìm x,y,z (nếu có) biết:
a) \(\dfrac{x}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{y}{4}\)=\(\dfrac{z}{5}\) và x2+y2=2000
b) \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\) và x-2y+3z=14
c) \(x.y=6;y.z=12\) và \(x-z=-2\)
a, \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{25}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{25}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4+16}=\dfrac{2000}{20}=100\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=100.4=400\\y^2=100.16=1600\\z^2=100.25=2500\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm20\\y=\pm40\\z=\pm50\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do \(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{5}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=20\\y=40\\z=50\end{matrix}\right.\) hoặc \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-20\\y=-40\\z=-50\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b, \(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2y-4}{6}=\dfrac{3z-9}{12}\)
Theo t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\dfrac{2y-4}{6}=\dfrac{3z-9}{12}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1-2y+4+3z-9}{2-6+12}=\dfrac{14-6}{8}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=1.2=2\\y-2=1.3=3\\z-3=1.4=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=5\\z=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
c, \(x-z=-2\Rightarrow x+2=z\)
Do đó \(y.z=12\Leftrightarrow y.\left(x+2\right)=12\Rightarrow xy+2y=12\Rightarrow6+2y=12\)
\(\Rightarrow y=3\Rightarrow x.3=6\Rightarrow x=2\Rightarrow2-z=-2\Rightarrow z=4\)
Vậy x=2; y=3; z=4
CMR: Nếu: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\) thì: \(\dfrac{x^{2021}+y^{2021}+z^{2021}}{a^{2021}+b^{2021}+c^{2021}}=\dfrac{x^{2021}}{a^{2021}}+\dfrac{y^{2021}}{b^{2021}}+\dfrac{z^{2021}}{c^{2021}}\)
Ta thấy \(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\ge\dfrac{x^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\).
Mà đẳng thức xảy ra nên ta phải có x = y = z = 0 (Do \(a^2,b^2,c^2>0\)).
Thay vào đẳng thức cần cm ta có đpcm.
Chứng minh rằng nếu \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\) thì: \(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\ne0\\b\ne0\\c\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+\dfrac{x^2\cdot\left(b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2}+y^2+\dfrac{y^2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}{b^2}+z^2+\dfrac{z^2\cdot\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\cdot\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{a^2}+y^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2}+z^2\cdot\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2}=0\)(1)
Vì (1) luôn không âm mà a,b,c≠0
nên x=y=z=0
⇒\(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}+0^{2019}+0^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=0\)
mà \(\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=\dfrac{0^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{0^{2019}}{c^{2019}}=0\)
nên \(\dfrac{x^{2019}+y^{2019}+z^{2019}}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\dfrac{x^{2019}}{a^{2019}}+\dfrac{y^{2019}}{b^{2019}}+\dfrac{z^{2019}}{c^{2019}}\)
cho \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\) và \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\), tính A \(=\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\)
Từ giả thiết : \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}+2.\left(\dfrac{xy}{ab}+\dfrac{yz}{bc}+\dfrac{zx}{ca}\right)=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A+2.\left(\dfrac{xyc+yza+xzb}{abc}\right)=1\left(1\right)\)
Mà theo gt : \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ayz+bzx+cxy=0\)
Do đó : \(\left(1\right)=A=1\)
cho \(\dfrac{x}{a}\)+\(\dfrac{b}{y}\)+\(\dfrac{z}{c}\)=3 và \(\dfrac{a}{x}\)+\(\dfrac{b}{y}\)+\(\dfrac{c}{z}\)=0
tính K= \(\dfrac{x^2}{a^2}\)+\(\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{c^2}\)
Cho a, b, x, y, z là các số khác 0 thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{x^2-yz}{a}=\dfrac{y^2-zx}{b}=\dfrac{z^2-xy}{c}\ne0\). CMR: \(\dfrac{a^2-bc}{x}=\dfrac{b^2-ca}{y}=\dfrac{c^2-ab}{z}\)
1.
a) CMR: Nếu a+b+c=0 thì \(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}=0\)
b) Nếu \(\dfrac{x}{a+2b+c}=\dfrac{y}{2a+b-c}=\dfrac{z}{4a-4b+c}\) thì:
\(\dfrac{a}{x+2y+z}=\dfrac{b}{2x+2y-z}=\dfrac{c}{4x-4y+z}\)
2. Cho \(\dfrac{x}{x^2+x+1}=a\) .Tính \(M=\dfrac{x^2}{x^4-x^2+1}\)
Đặt $ X = a - b; Y = b - c; Z = c - a \Rightarrow X + Y + Z = 0$
Với X + Y + Z = 0, ta chứng minh được :
$ ( \dfrac{1}{X} + \dfrac{1}{Y} + \dfrac{1}{Z} )^2 = \dfrac{1}{X^2} + \dfrac{1}{Y^2} + \dfrac{1}{Z^2}$
Thật vậy, ta có :
$ ( \dfrac{1}{X} + \dfrac{1}{Y} + \dfrac{1}{Z} )^2 = \dfrac{1}{X^2} + \dfrac{1}{Y^2} + \dfrac{1}{Z^2} + \dfrac{2}{XY} + \dfrac{2}{YZ} + \dfrac{2}{ZX}$
$ = \dfrac{1}{X^2} + \dfrac{1}{Y^2} + \dfrac{1}{Z^2} + 2.\dfrac{X + Y + Z}{XYZ}$
$ = \dfrac{1}{X^2} + \dfrac{1}{Y^2} + \dfrac{1}{Z^2}$ ( do X + Y + Z = 0)
$ \Rightarrow \sqrt{\dfrac{1}{X^2} + \dfrac{1}{Y^2} + \dfrac{1}{Z^2}} = \sqrt{( \dfrac{1}{X} + \dfrac{1}{Y} + \dfrac{1}{Z} )^2} = |\dfrac{1}{X} + \dfrac{1}{Y} + \dfrac{1}{Z}|$
Suy ra : $ \sqrt{\dfrac{1}{(a - b)^2} + \dfrac{1}{(b - c)^2} +\dfrac{1}{( c - a)^2}} = |\dfrac{1}{a - b} + \dfrac{1}{b - c} + \dfrac{1}{c - a}|$
Do a, b, c là số hữu tỷ nên $|\dfrac{1}{a - b} + \dfrac{1}{b - c} + \dfrac{1}{c - a}|$ cũng là số hữu tỷ. Ta có điều phải chứng minh.
Cho: \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=0\) và \(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=2\). Tính giá trị của biểu thức: \(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}\)
Bài này dễ thôi:vv
Theo đề ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{a}+\dfrac{y}{b}+\dfrac{z}{c}=0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{xbc+yac+zab}{abc}=0\Leftrightarrow xbc+yac+zab=0\)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}=2\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{x}+\dfrac{b}{y}+\dfrac{c}{z}\right)^2=4\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{ab}{xy}+\dfrac{bc}{yz}+\dfrac{ca}{xz}\right)=4\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}+2\left(\dfrac{abz+bcx+cay}{xyz}\right)=4\)
=>\(\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}+2.0=4\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{z^2}=2\)
Vậy...