PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2\cdot24=4,8\left(g\right)\)

*Bạn bổ sung thêm thể tích dd của H₂SO₄ nữa nhé !

a) \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

   \(0,2mol\)                                 \(0,2mol\)

b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=n_{Mg}.M_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)

a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{84}=0,2mol\\ a.MgCO_3+H_2SO_4->MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\\ 2NaOH+H_2SO_{\text{4 }}->Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.80.0,1:40=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(MgCO_3\right)}=0,2mol\\ c.C\%=\dfrac{98.0,3}{200}.100\%=14,7\%\\ V=0,2.22,4=4,48L\\ d.m_{ddsau}=200+16,8-44.0,2+80=288g\\ C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{40.0,1}{288}.100\%=1,39\%\\ C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{120.0,2}{288}.100\%=8,33\%\)

\(n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{16,8}{84}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{80}{40}=2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(MgCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

0,2              0,2                                         0,2 

\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

2                 1                 1

Vậy có 0,2 mol H2SO4 phản ứng với MgCO3 

       có 1 mol H2SO4 phản ứng với NaOH 

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=1,2.98=117,6\left(g\right)\)

\(c,C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{117,6}{200}.100\%=58,8\%\)

\(V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(d,m_{Na_2SO_4}=1.142=142\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{80.100}{10}=800\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4dư}=1.98:58,8\%\approx166,67\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddNa_2SO_4}=800+166,67=966,67\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{142}{966,67}.100\%\approx14,69\%\)

Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe, Al trong hh (x,y >0)

PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

x________x__________x_____x(mol)

2Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

y____1,5y_________0,5y___1,5y(mol)

b) Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+27x=11\\x+1,5y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1=nFe\\y=0,2=nAl\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g) ; mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)

c) nH2SO4(tổng)=nH2=0,4(mol)

=> mH2SO4(tổng)=0,4.98=39,2(g)

=>mddH2SO4=(39,2.100)/24,5=160(g)

Bài 3:

a) \(CaO+SO_2\rightarrow CaSO_3\)

b) \(CaO+HNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+H_2O\)

c) \(CaO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+H_2O\)

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

                 a_____2a_______a_______a     (mol)

            \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

                    b_____6b_______2b_______3a     (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80a+160b=20\\2a+6b=0,2\cdot3,5=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,05\cdot80=4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)

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