a, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2O}=n_{CuO}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=0,04.64=2,56\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,04.18=0,72\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{10,8}{232}=\dfrac{27}{580}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{27}{580}}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{4}\), ta được H₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2O}=4n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{27}{145}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=3n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{81}{580}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\dfrac{27}{145}=\dfrac{2}{145}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{2}{145}.2\approx0,0276\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2O}=\dfrac{27}{145}.18\approx3,35\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{81}{580}.56\approx7,82\left(g\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2(mol)\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên Zn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn({\text{phản ứng})}}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn(\text{dư})}=0,2-0,15=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn(\text{dư})}=0,05.65=3,25(g)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{ZnCl_2}=0,15.136=20,4(g)\\ V=V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)\)

3,36

\(a,Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Ta.c\text{ó}:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{2}\Rightarrow Zn.d\text{ư}\\ b,n_{Zn\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,2-\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c,a=m_{ZnCl_2}=0,15.136=20,4\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{H_2\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Mol:   0,03      0,1       0,03      0,05

m_Al=0,03.27=0,9 (g)

m_HCl = 0,1.36,5 = 3,65 (g)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.18,25}{100}=27,375\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{27,375}{36,5}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

                \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

trc p/u :   0,3       0,75        

p/u:          0,3     0,6           0,3        0,3 

sau p/u :  0         0,15         0,3       0,3 

---> Sau p/ư HCl dư 

\(a,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

\(b,m_{ddHCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddZnCl_2}=19,5+150-\left(0,3.2\right)=168,9\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%=\dfrac{40,8}{168,9}.100\%\approx24,16\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.84}{22.4}=0.0375\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(.........0.075......0.0375\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.075\cdot36.5=2.7375\left(g\right)\)

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)

                                Số mol của khí hidro       

                          n_H2 = \(\dfrac{V_{H2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)             

a) Pt:               Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂\(|\)

                         1        2           1          1

                      0,25    0,5                     0,25

b)                         Số mol của kẽm 

                        n_Zn = \(\dfrac{0,25.1}{1}=0,25\left(mol\right)\) 

                          Khối lượng của kẽm 

                         m_Zn = n_Zn . M_Zn

                                 = 0,25 . 65

                                 = 16,25 (g)

c)                  Số mol của dung dịch axit clohidric

                         n_HCl = \(\dfrac{0,25.2}{1}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

               Thể tích của dung dịch axit clohidric cần dùng 

                   C_MHCl = \(\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow V\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(l\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.25.........0.5.......................0.25\)

\(m_{Zn}=0.25\cdot65=16.25\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(l\right)\)

Giả sử KL có hóa trị n.

PT: \(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_M=\dfrac{2}{n}nH_2=\dfrac{0,4}{n}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{4,8}{\dfrac{0,4}{n}}=12n\left(g/mol\right)\)

Với n = 2 thì M_M = 24 (g/mol) là tm

Vậy: M là Mg.

Ta có: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)

a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

nZn = \(\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)

Theo pt: nH₂ = nZn = 0,2 mol

=> VH₂ = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 lít

b) Theo pt: nZnCl₂ = nZn = 0,2 mol

=> mZnCl₂ = 0,2.136 = 27,2g