Ta có:

\(\left(2a^2-b^2-c^2\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^4+b^4+c^4-4a^2b^2-4a^2c^2+2b^2c^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2\ge6a^2b^2+6a^2c^2-3a^4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge3a^2\left(2b^2+2c^2-a^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2b^2+2c^2-a^2}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}a}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2b^2+2c^2-a^2}}\ge\sqrt{3}\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2a^2+2c^2-b^2}}\ge\sqrt{3}.\dfrac{b^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2a^2+2b^2-c^2}}\ge\sqrt{3}.\dfrac{c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

Cộng vế: \(P\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\sqrt{3}\)

\(P_{min}=\sqrt{3}\) khi \(a=b=c\)

Vì vai trò của a,b,c là như nhau, giả sử

\(a\ge c\ge b>0\)

Ta có

\(a+b-c< a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow b-c\le0\) ( đúng với gt )

\(\Rightarrow a+b-c< a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-c\right)^2< a^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b-c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{a^2}\)

CMTT :

\(\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c-a\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{b^2};\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a-b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{c^2}\)

Cộng vế với vế 3 BĐT trên , được

\(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b-c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c-a\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a-b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\) với x, y, z > 0 ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b}+\dfrac{1}{2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{2c+a}=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{9}{a+a+b}+\dfrac{9}{b+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+c+a}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{9}.3\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3a}+\dfrac{1}{3b}+\dfrac{1}{3c}\).

BĐT trên bị ngược dấu rồi.

Theo công thức Heron:

\(S=\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)}\).

Do đó ta chỉ cần cm:

\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\leq a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\). (1)

Ta có \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-a^2b^2-b^2c^2-c^2a^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2}{2}+\dfrac{\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2}{2}\ge0\) (luôn đúng).

Do đó bđt ban đầu cũng đúng.

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi tam giác đó đều.

\(\dfrac{1}{2a-1}+\dfrac{1}{1}\ge\dfrac{4}{2a-1+1}=\dfrac{2}{a}\)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{2b-1}+1\ge\dfrac{2}{b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{2c-1}+1\ge\dfrac{2}{c}\)

Cộng vế:

\(VT\ge\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}=\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Bài 1:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(a-\dfrac{a^2}{a+b^2}=\dfrac{ab^2}{a+b^2}\le\dfrac{ab^2}{2b\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{b\sqrt{a}}{2}\)

Tương tự cho các BĐT còn lại cũng có:

\(b-\dfrac{b^2}{b+c^2}\le\dfrac{c\sqrt{b}}{2};c-\dfrac{c^2}{c+a^2}\le\dfrac{a\sqrt{c}}{2}\)

Sau đó cộng theo vế các BĐT trên

\(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+a^2}\ge3-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(b\sqrt{a}+c\sqrt{b}+a\sqrt{c}\right)\)

\(\ge3-\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(\ge3-\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}=3-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Bài 2:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{2b^2+2c^2-a^2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}a^2}{\sqrt{3a^2\left(2b^2+2c^2-a^2\right)}}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}a^2}{\dfrac{3a^2+2b^2+2c^2-a^2}{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

Tương tự cho các BĐT còn lại ta có:

\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{2a^2+2c^2-b^2}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}b^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2};\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{2a^2+2b^2-c^2}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:

\(VT\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\sqrt{3}=VP\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

2 bài đầu bt làm r` để tẹo nữa làm ha~ :D

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{2b+2c-a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{2c+2a-b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{2a+2b-c}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}a}{\sqrt{3a\left(2b+2c-a\right)}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{6}b}{\sqrt{3b\left(2c+2a-b\right)}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{6}c}{\sqrt{3c\left(2a+2b-c\right)}}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{6}a}{\dfrac{3a+2b+2c-a}{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{6}b}{\dfrac{3b+2c+2a-b}{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{6}c}{\dfrac{3c+2a+2b-c}{2}}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{6}a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{\sqrt{6}b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{\sqrt{6}c}{a+b+c}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=\sqrt{6}\)