bài 77: thục hiên phép tính
c) \(\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt{19-6\sqrt{2}}\) d)\(\sqrt{12-3\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{12+3\sqrt{7}}\)
So sánh:
a) \(4\sqrt{7}\) và \(3\sqrt{13}\)
b) \(3\sqrt{12}\) và \(2\sqrt{16}\)
c) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{84}\) và \(6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{7}}\)
d) \(3\sqrt{12}\) và \(2\sqrt{16}\)
e) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{17}{2}}\) và \(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{19}\)
a: \(4\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{4^2\cdot7}=\sqrt{112}\)
\(3\sqrt{13}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot13}=\sqrt{117}\)
mà 112<117
nên \(4\sqrt{7}< 3\sqrt{13}\)
b: \(3\sqrt{12}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot12}=\sqrt{108}\)
\(2\sqrt{16}=\sqrt{16\cdot2^2}=\sqrt{64}\)
mà 108>64
nên \(3\sqrt{12}>2\sqrt{16}\)
c: \(\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{84}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{16}\cdot84}=\sqrt{\dfrac{21}{4}}\)
\(6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{7}}=\sqrt{36\cdot\dfrac{1}{7}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{36}{7}}\)
mà \(\dfrac{21}{4}>\dfrac{36}{7}\)
nên \(\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{84}>6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{7}}\)
d: \(3\sqrt{12}=\sqrt{3^2\cdot12}=\sqrt{108}\)
\(2\sqrt{16}=\sqrt{16\cdot2^2}=\sqrt{64}\)
mà 108>64
nên \(3\sqrt{12}>2\sqrt{16}\)
bài 1 rút gọn biểu thức sau:
a)\(\sqrt{16+6\sqrt{7}}\)- \(\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}\) b)K=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}\)
c)\(\sqrt{60-24\sqrt{6}}\)+\(\sqrt{40-16\sqrt{6}}\) d)B=(3+\(\sqrt{3}\))\(\sqrt{12-6\sqrt{13}}\)
e)\(\sqrt{6-4\sqrt{2}}\)-\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}\right)^2}\)
bài 2 cho biểu thức A=\(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-3}\right).\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{x+9}\)( với x≥0 và x≠ 9)
a) rút gọn biểu thức A
b) tính giá trị biểu thức\(x=4+2\sqrt{3}\)
\(1,\\ a,=\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{7}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-1\right)^2}=3+\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{7}+1=4\\ b,K=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ c,=\sqrt{\left(6-2\sqrt{6}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{6}-4\right)^2}=6-2\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{6}-4=2\\ e,=\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}-\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\right)=2-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}=2-\sqrt{6}\)
\(2,\\ a,A=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}+9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{x+9}\\ A=\dfrac{x+9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(x+9\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\\ b,x=4+2\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{3}+1\\ \Leftrightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+1-3}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+2}=2-\sqrt{3}\)
Tính giá trị các biểu thức:
a.\(\left(7\sqrt{48}+3\sqrt{27}-2\sqrt{12}\right)\sqrt{3}\)
b.\(\left(12\sqrt{50}-8\sqrt{200}+7\sqrt{450}\right):\sqrt{10}\)
c.\(\left(2\sqrt{6}-4\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{8}\right)3\sqrt{6}\)
d.\(3\sqrt{15\sqrt{50}}+5\sqrt{24\sqrt{8}}-4\sqrt{12\sqrt{32}}\)
a) Ta có: \(\left(7\sqrt{48}+3\sqrt{27}-2\sqrt{12}\right)\cdot\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\left(7\cdot4\sqrt{3}+3\cdot3\sqrt{3}-2\cdot2\sqrt{3}\right)\cdot\sqrt{3}\)
\(=33\sqrt{3}\cdot\sqrt{3}\)
=99
b) Ta có: \(\left(12\sqrt{50}-8\sqrt{200}+7\sqrt{450}\right):\sqrt{10}\)
\(=\left(12\cdot5\sqrt{2}-8\cdot10\sqrt{2}+7\cdot15\sqrt{2}\right):\sqrt{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{85\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{10}}=\dfrac{85}{\sqrt{5}}=17\sqrt{5}\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(2\sqrt{6}-4\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}\sqrt{8}\right)\cdot3\sqrt{6}\)
\(=\left(2\sqrt{6}-4\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot2\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot3\sqrt{6}\)
\(=\left(2\sqrt{6}-4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\cdot3\sqrt{6}\)
\(=36-36\sqrt{2}+18\sqrt{3}\)
d) Ta có: \(3\sqrt{15\sqrt{50}}+5\sqrt{24\sqrt{8}}-4\sqrt{12\sqrt{32}}\)
\(=3\cdot\sqrt{75\sqrt{2}}+5\cdot\sqrt{48\sqrt{2}}-4\sqrt{48\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=3\cdot5\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{\sqrt{2}}+4\sqrt{3}\sqrt{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=15\sqrt{\sqrt{8}}+4\sqrt{\sqrt{18}}\)
a,=\(\left(28\sqrt{3}+9\sqrt{3}-4\sqrt{3}\right).\sqrt{3}\)
\(=28.3+9.3-4.3=99\)
b,\(=\left(60\sqrt{2}-80\sqrt{2}+175\sqrt{2}\right):\sqrt{10}\)
\(=155\sqrt{2}:\sqrt{10}=\dfrac{155}{\sqrt{5}}\)
d,Ta có:\(3\sqrt{15\sqrt{50}}+5\sqrt{24\sqrt{8}}-4\sqrt{12\sqrt{32}}\)
\(=3\sqrt{75\sqrt{2}}+5\sqrt{48\sqrt{2}}-4\sqrt{48\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=15\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}+20\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}-16\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=19\sqrt{3\sqrt{2}}\)
Thực hiện phép tính
a) \(\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2-\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{12}\)
b)\(\frac{2\sqrt{12}-\sqrt{6}}{2\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{3}}+\frac{10+\sqrt{5}}{2\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{3}}\)
c)\(\left(\frac{3+2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}+2}+\frac{2+\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}+1}\right):\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\)
d)\(\sqrt{10-4\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{33-12\sqrt{6}}\)
e)\(\sqrt{16-6\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{32-8\sqrt{7}}\)
f)\(\sqrt{28-16\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{73-40\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\sqrt{10-4\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{33-12\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\sqrt{2^2-2.2.\sqrt{6}+\left(\sqrt{6}\right)^2}+\sqrt{3^2-2.3.2\sqrt{6}+\left(2\sqrt{6}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{6}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(3-2\sqrt{6}\right)^2}\)
\(=-\left(2-\sqrt{6}\right)-\left(3-2\sqrt{6}\right)\)
\(=-2+\sqrt{6}-3+2\sqrt{6}\)
\(=-5+3\sqrt{6}\)
\(\sqrt{16-6\sqrt{7}}+\sqrt{32-8\sqrt{7}}\)
\(=\sqrt{3^2-2.3.\sqrt{7}+\left(\sqrt{7}\right)^2}+\sqrt{2^2-2.2.2\sqrt{7}+\left(2\sqrt{7}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{7}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2-2\sqrt{7}\right)^2}\)
\(=3-\sqrt{7}-\left(2-2\sqrt{7}\right)\)
\(=3-\sqrt{7}-2+2\sqrt{7}\)
\(=1+\sqrt{7}\)
\(\sqrt{28-16\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{73-40\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\sqrt{4^2-2.4.2\sqrt{3}+\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{5^2-2.5.4\sqrt{3}+\left(4\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(5-4\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=4-2\sqrt{3}-\left(5-4\sqrt{3}\right)\)
\(=4-2\sqrt{3}-5+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(=-1+2\sqrt{3}\)
THỰC HIỆN PHÉP TÍNH
1,\(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}.\sqrt{2}\)
2,\(\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}.\sqrt{8}}\)
3,\((\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}}-\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{3})}.\sqrt{12}\)
4,\((\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{7}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{16}{7}}+\sqrt{7}):\sqrt{7}\)
5, \(\sqrt{36-12\sqrt{5}}:\sqrt{6}\)
6,\(\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}:}\sqrt{2}\)
1: \(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\cdot\sqrt{2}=\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{5}+1\)
3) \(\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}}-\sqrt{3}+5\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{3}}\right)\cdot\sqrt{12}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{2}+5\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\cdot\sqrt{12}\)
\(=\dfrac{17\sqrt{3}}{6}\cdot2\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{34\cdot3}{6}=\dfrac{102}{6}=17\)
bài 5 sử dụng hằng đẳng thức bình phương một tổng ( hiệu) để khai phương
a)\(\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}\)
b)\(\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{12}}\)
c)\(\sqrt{21+6\sqrt{6}}\)
d)\(\sqrt{15-6\sqrt{6}}\)
e)\(\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}\)
g)\(\sqrt{41+12\sqrt{5}}\)
\(\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=2+\sqrt{3}\)
\(\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{12}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\right|=\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{21+6\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\left|3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right|=3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\)
\(\sqrt{15-6\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{6}\right)^2}=\left|3-\sqrt{6}\right|=3-\sqrt{6}\)
\(\sqrt{29-12\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{5}-3\right)^2}=\left|2\sqrt{5}-3\right|=2\sqrt{5}-3\)
\(\sqrt{41+12\sqrt{5}}=\sqrt{\left(6+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=6+\sqrt{5}\)
thực hiện phép tính
a)\(3\sqrt{9-\sqrt{25}+2\sqrt{49}}\)
b)\(7\sqrt[3]{27}-\sqrt[3]{64}+2\sqrt[3]{8}\)
c)\(\left(\sqrt{28}+2\sqrt{14}+3\sqrt{7}\right)\left(\sqrt{7}-7\sqrt{8}\right)\)
d)\(\frac{6\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{12}}{2}+\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{67-12\sqrt{7}}\)
Tính:
a,\(\sqrt{19-6\sqrt{2}}\)
b,\(\sqrt{21+12\sqrt{3}}\)
c,\(\sqrt{57-40\sqrt{2}}\)
d,\(\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
e,\(\sqrt{21+6\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{21-6\sqrt{6}}\)
g,\(\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}\)
\(a.\sqrt{19-6\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{18-2.3\sqrt{2}+1}=3\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(b.\sqrt{21+12\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{12+2.2\sqrt{3}.3+9}=2\sqrt{3}+3\)
\(c.\sqrt{57-40\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{32-2.4\sqrt{2}.5+25}=4\sqrt{2}-5\)
\(d.\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)}=\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{2}+2}.\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}=\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\) \(e.\sqrt{21+6\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{21-6\sqrt{6}}=\sqrt{18+2.3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}+3}+\sqrt{18-2.3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}+3}=3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}=6\sqrt{2}\) \(g.\sqrt{7-4\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{7+4\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{4-2.2\sqrt{3}+3}-\sqrt{4+2.2\sqrt{3}+3}=2-\sqrt{3}-2-\sqrt{3}=-2\sqrt{3}\)
a)
=\(\sqrt{18-2.3\sqrt{2}.1+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=3\sqrt{2}-1\)
b)
=\(\sqrt{12+2.2\sqrt{3}.3+9}\)
=\(\sqrt{\left(2\sqrt{3}+3\right)^2}\)
=\(2\sqrt{3}+3\)
c)
=\(\sqrt{25-2.5.4\sqrt{2}+32}\)
=\(\sqrt{\left(5-4\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)
=\(4\sqrt{2}-5\)
d)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3-2.\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{2}+2\right)\left(3-2\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\\ =\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\\ =3-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{2}\)
e)
\(=\sqrt{18+2.3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}+3}+\sqrt{18-2.3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}+3}\\ =\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\\ =3\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\\ =6\sqrt{2}\)
g)
\(=\sqrt{4-2.2.\sqrt{3}+3}-\sqrt{4+2.2.\sqrt{3}+3}\\ =\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\\ =2-\sqrt{3}-2-\sqrt{3}\\ =-2\sqrt{3}\)
b, \(\sqrt{21+12\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{21+2.3.2.\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{9+2.3.\sqrt{12}+12}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{12}\right)^2}=3+\sqrt{12}\)
\(c,\sqrt{57-40\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{57-2.4.5.\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{25-2.5.\sqrt{32}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(5-\sqrt{32}\right)^2}=\left|5-\sqrt{32}\right|=5-\sqrt{32}\)
\(d,\sqrt{\left(5-2\sqrt{6}\right)\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)}=\sqrt{\left(3-2.\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}+2\right)\left(3-2\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\) \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}=\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\)
\(e,A=\sqrt{21+6\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{21-6\sqrt{6}}\)
Ta có :
\(21+6\sqrt{6}=\dfrac{42+12\sqrt{6}}{2}=\dfrac{36+2.6.\sqrt{6}+6}{2}=\left(\dfrac{6+\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\) Tương tự : \(21-6\sqrt{6}=\left(\dfrac{6-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\)
Do đó :
\(A=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{6+\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{6-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2}=\dfrac{6+\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{6-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{6+\sqrt{6}+6-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{2}}\)\(=\dfrac{12}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{12\sqrt{2}}{2}=6\sqrt{2}\)
Phần g làm tương tự như phần e nha bạn :>
Chúc bạn học tốt :>
Thực hiện phép tính (rút gọn biểu thức)
a) \(\sqrt{9+4\sqrt{5}}\) - \(\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}\)
b) \(\sqrt{12-6\sqrt{3}}\) + \(\sqrt{12+6\sqrt{3}}\)
c) \(\sqrt{6\sqrt{2}+11}\) - \(\sqrt{11-6\sqrt{2}}\)
Lời giải:
a.
\(=\sqrt{5+2.2\sqrt{5}+2^2}-\sqrt{5-2.2\sqrt{5}+2^2}\)
$=\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}+2)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{5}-2)^2}$
$=|\sqrt{5}+2|-|\sqrt{5}-2|=(\sqrt{5}+2)-(\sqrt{5}-2)=4$
b.
$=\sqrt{3-2.3\sqrt{3}+3^2}+\sqrt{3+2.3.\sqrt{3}+3^2}$
$=\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}-3)^2}+\sqrt{(\sqrt{3}+3)^2}$
$=|\sqrt{3}-3|+|\sqrt{3}+3|$
$=(3-\sqrt{3})+(\sqrt{3}+3)=6$
c.
$=\sqrt{2+2.3\sqrt{2}+3^2}-\sqrt{2-2.3\sqrt{2}+3^2}$
$=\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}+3)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{2}-3)^2}$
$=|\sqrt{2}+3|-|\sqrt{2}-3|$
$=(\sqrt{2}+3)-(3-\sqrt{2})=2\sqrt{2}$