nO2 = 4.48/22.4 = 0.2 (mol) 

2KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 

0.4__________________________0.2 

mKMnO4 = 0.2 * 158 = 31.6 (g) 

2KClO3 -to-> 2KCl + 3O2 

2/15______________0.2 

mKClO3 = 2/15 * 122.5 = 16.33 (g) 

mKClO3 < mKMnO4 

=> Dùng KClO3 tiết kiệm hơn 

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

                0,3<------------------------------0,15

            2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

               0,1<-----------------0,15

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\\m_{KClO_3}=0,1.122,5=12,25\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> Dùng KClO₃ sẽ cần khối lượng nhỏ hơn

Dùng KClO₃

PTHH: \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[MnO_2]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{15}\cdot122,5\approx16,33\left(g\right)\)

Điện phân H₂O ko dùng để điều chế Oxi trong PTN nha bạn !

PTHH :

\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)

    1/3                        0,5

\(2MnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)

     1                                           0,5

Vậy khi điều chế cùng lượng O₂ ta dùng KClO₃ lợi hơn vì với 1 mol KClO₃ sẽ cho ra 1,5 mol O2 còn KMnO₄ chỉ cho ra 0,5 mol O2 

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=122,5.\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{245}{6}\approx40,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=158.1=158\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:
\(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\ 2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2H_2O\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=2.\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=31,6\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

              0,2<-------------------0,3

=> \(m_{KClO_3}=0,2.122,5=24,5\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{490}{122,5}=4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

                4-------------->4---->6

=> \(m_{KCl}=4.74,5=298\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{O_2}=6.32=192\left(g\right)\)

2KClO₃ \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2KCl + 3O₂

a, \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,3.2}{3}=0,2mol\\ m_{KClO_3}=0,2.122,5=24,5g\)

b, \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{490}{122,5}=4mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KCl}=4.74,5=298g\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4.3}{2}=6mol\\ m_{O_2}=6.32=192g\)

\(Coi\ n_{O_2} = 3(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2+ O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 6(mol)\\ 2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2} = 2(mol)\\ \dfrac{m_{KMnO_4}}{m_{KClO_3}} = \dfrac{6.158}{2.122,5} = 3,869\)

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(2a................................a\)

\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2KCl+3O_2\)

\(\dfrac{2a}{3}..................a\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=2a\cdot158=316a\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}a\cdot122.5=\dfrac{245a}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(\dfrac{m_{KMnO_4}}{m_{KClO_3}}=\dfrac{316a}{\dfrac{245a}{3}}=\dfrac{948}{245}\)

-Gọi số mol của oxygen là a (mol) \(\left(a>0\right)\)

-PTHH (1): \(2KMnO_4\rightarrow^{t^0}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

                         2a                                                 a (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=n.M=2a.158=316a\left(g\right)\)

-PTHH (2): \(2KClO_3\rightarrow^{t^0}2KCl+3O_2\)

                    \(\dfrac{2}{3}a\)                              a (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=n.M=\dfrac{2}{3}a.122,5\approx81,67.a\left(g\right)\)

\(\dfrac{m_{KMnO_4}}{m_{KClO_3}}=\dfrac{316.a}{81,67.a}\approx3,87\)