Cho 0 < a < b < c < d. Chứng minh: \(\left(b+c\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)< \dfrac{\left(a+d\right)^2}{ad}\)
Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)(b, c, d ≠ 0 , b + d ≠ 0). Chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
Theo đề bài ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\) ( 1 )
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(k=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(k^2=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) ( 2 )
Mà từ ( 1 ) = > \(k^2=\dfrac{a}{c}.\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) ( 3 )
Từ ( 2 ) , ( 3 )
= > \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) ( đpcm )
a) Giải \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}=30\\x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=35\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Cho 0 < a < b < c < d. Chứng minh \(\left(b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)< \dfrac{\left(a+d\right)^2}{ad}\)
1. Cho \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\). Chứng minh rằng \(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\)
2. Cho \(\dfrac{a}{2003}=\dfrac{b}{2004}=\dfrac{c}{2005}\). Chứng minh rằng \(4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=\left(c-a\right)^2\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng t.c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\\ =\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{a.b.c}{b.c.d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Cho a,b,c>0 thỏa abc=1. Chứng minh :
\(\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(b+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(c+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Đành giải tạm bằng nick này vì sợ một vài thành phần trẻ trâu anti phá phách :poor:
Phân tích và giải
Dễ thấy: Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow L=Σ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\text{ và }F=-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Khi đó \(VT=L-F=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta sẽ chia làm 2 bước cm:
B1: \(Σ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\). Ta xét BĐT :
\(\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+2a+1}\le\dfrac{3\left(a^{2k}+a^k\right)}{8\left(a^{2k}+a^k+1\right)}\) (cần tìm \(k\) thỏa mãn)
\(\Leftrightarrow8a\left(a^{2k}+a^k+1\right)-3\left(a^{2k}+a^k\right)\left(a^2+2a+1\right)\le0\)\(\Leftrightarrow f\left(a\right)=-3a^{2k}+2a^{k+1}-3a^{k+2}+2a^{2k+1}-3a^{2k+2}-3a^k+8a\)
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(a\right)=2k\cdot-3a^{2k-1}+\left(k+1\right)2a^k-\left(k+2\right)3a^{k+1}+\left(2k+1\right)2a^{2k}-\left(2k+2\right)3a^{2k+1}-k\cdot3a^{k-1}+8a\)
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(1\right)=0\Rightarrow-12k=0\Rightarrow k=0\)
Hay BĐT phụ cần tìm là \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+2a+1}\le\dfrac{3\left(a^{2\cdot0}+a^0\right)}{8\left(a^{2\cdot0}+a^0+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\) (bài này \(k\) đẹp ra luôn \(\farac{1}{4}\) cộng vào là ok =))
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{4\left(a+1\right)^2}\le0\) *Đúng* \(\RightarrowΣ\dfrac{a}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\leΣ\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
B2: CM \(-\dfrac{4}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\le-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tự cm nhé Goodluck :v
Một lời giải sơ cấp:
Đổi \(\left(a;b;c\right)\rightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y};\dfrac{y}{z};\dfrac{z}{x}\right)\).BDT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\sum\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{4xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\dfrac{3}{4}-\sum\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]+\left[\dfrac{4xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left[\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{xy}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right]-\dfrac{\sum\left(x^2+y^2\right)z-6xyz}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{\sum z\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(x-y\right)^2\left[\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{z}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\right]\ge0\)
hay \(S_a\left(y-z\right)^2+S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)(*)
với \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S_a=\dfrac{1}{4\left(y+z\right)^2}-\dfrac{x}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}{4\left(y+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\\S_b=\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+z\right)^2}-\dfrac{y}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(y-x\right)\left(y-z\right)}{4\left(x+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\\S_c=\dfrac{1}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}-\dfrac{z}{2\prod\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}{4\left(x+y\right)^2\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Dễ thấy \(S_a;S_b;S_c\) không phải là luôn không âm.Giả sử \(x=max\left\{x;y;z\right\}\).
Từ đó suy ra \(S_a\ge0\).Xét \(S_b+S_c=\dfrac{\left(y-z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x+z\right)^2}\ge0,\forall x;y;z>0\)
Do đó \(VT=S_a\left(x-y\right)^2+\left[S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh \(S_b\left(z-x\right)^2+S_c\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) với \(S_b+S_c\ge0\)
và điều này đúng hay không e không biết, quan trọng là .. Chúc Mừng Năm Mới !!
Cho a, b, c > 0. Chứng minh: \(\left(a+\dfrac{1}{b}-1\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{c}-1\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{c}-1\right)\left(c+\dfrac{1}{a}-1\right)+\left(c+\dfrac{1}{a}-1\right)\left(a+\dfrac{1}{b}-1\right)\ge3\)
Cho a, b, c > 0 và abc = 1. Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{1}{a^2.\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b^2.\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c^2.\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đặt \(x=\dfrac{1}{a},y=\dfrac{1}{b},z=\dfrac{1}{c}\) khi đó thu được \(xyz=1\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{x^2}{\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{x^2yz}{y+z}=\dfrac{x}{y+z}\)
BĐT cần chứng minh được viết lại thành:\(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x}{y+z}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{z+x}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x+y}+1\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+x}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{2}\)
Đánh giá cuối cùng đúng theo BĐT Cauchy
Vậy BĐT được chứng minh. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c = 1.
cho a+b+c+d khác 0 vàti\(\dfrac{b+c+d-a}{a}=\dfrac{c+d+a-b}{b}=\dfrac{d+a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+b+c-d}{d}P=\left(1+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{d}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{a}{d}\right)\)tính P
giúp mk với ạ , xin cảm ơn
Chứng minh các bất đẳng thức :
a / \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}>=2;\forall a,b>0\)
b / \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}>=3;\forall a,b,c>0\)
c / \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)>=8abc;\forall a,b,c>=0\)
d / \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)>=9,\forall a,b,c>0\)
e / \(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)>=8,\forall a,b,c>0\)
f / \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)>=4,\forall a,b,>0\)
HELP ME !!!!!!
a) Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\) >= 2\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}\) =2
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> a=b=1
c) Áp dụng BĐT AM- GM a+b>= 2\(\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\) >= 8\(\sqrt{ab.bc.ca}\) = 8abc
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> a=b=c
. Cho a/b = c/d với a, b, c, d > 0. Chứng minh rằng\(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bkb}{dkd}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{b}{d}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}=\dfrac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\\ \dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
Cách giải:
1+1=3
6-6=0
9-9=0
Vậy => 6-6=9-9
(3-3)+(3-3) = 3x3 - 3x3
(1+1)=3
1+1=3