a. \(A=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{x^2+2x-3}-\dfrac{x+3}{1-x}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{x^3-1}\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1;x\ne-3\right)\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x+3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2-3x+x^2+6x+9-x^2+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{3x+12}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}\)

\(M=A.B=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}.\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x+3}\)

b. -Để M thuộc Z thì:

\(\left(x^2+x-2\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+3x-2x-6+4\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[x\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x+3\right)+4\right]⋮\left(x+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4⋮\left(x+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x+3\in\left\{1;2;4;-1;-2;-4\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;1;-4;-5;-7\right\}\)

c. \(A^{-1}-B=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x^3-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2-x+3x-3-x^2-x+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}\le\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)

\(Max=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)

1) Xét rằng x > 7 <=> A < 0

Lại xét x < 7 thì mẫu là một số nguyên dương. P/s A có tử và mẫu đều là số dương, mà tử lại bất biến

A(max) <=> mẫu 7 - x nhỏ nhất <=> 7 - x = 1 => x = 7 - 1 = 6 <=> A = 1

Từ những điều trên thì A sẽ có GTLN khi và chỉ khi x = 6

b) \(Q=\dfrac{27-2x}{12-x}=\dfrac{2.\left(12-x\right)+3}{12-x}=2+\dfrac{3}{12-x}\)

Để Q đạt max 

thì \(\dfrac{3}{12-x}\) phải max nên 12 - x phải min và 12 - x > 0 

lại có \(x\inℤ\) 

nên 12 - x = 1 

<=> x = 11 

Khi đó Q = 17

Vậy Q_max = 5 khi x = 11 

Câu a :

Ta có : \(\sqrt{5+3x}-\sqrt{5-3x}=a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{5+3x}-\sqrt{5-3x}\right)^2=a^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5+3x-2\sqrt{\left(5+3x\right)\left(5-3x\right)}+5-3x=a^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10-2\sqrt{25-9x^2}=a^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{25-9x^2}=10-a^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{25-9x^2}=\dfrac{10-a^2}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow25-9x^2=\dfrac{\left(a^2-10\right)^2}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2=25-\dfrac{\left(a^2-10\right)^2}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x=\sqrt{\dfrac{50-\left(a^2-10\right)^2}{2}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\sqrt{50-\left(a^2-10\right)^2}}{3\sqrt{2}}\)

\(P=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{10+2\sqrt{\dfrac{10-a^2}{2}}}}{\sqrt{50-\left(a^2-10\right)^2}}\)

Bạn tự rút gọn nữa nhé :))

Câu b : \(M=\dfrac{2x+y+z-15}{x}+\dfrac{x+2y+z-15}{y}+\dfrac{x+y+2z-24}{z}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-3}{x}+\dfrac{y-3}{y}+\dfrac{z-12}{z}\)

\(=3-3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)\le3-3\left[\dfrac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{12}\right]=-1\)

\(A=\frac{27-2x}{12-x}=\frac{2\left(12-x\right)+3}{12-x}=2+\frac{3}{12-x}\)

Để A lớn nhất thì  \(\frac{3}{12-x}\) lớn nhất

\(\Leftrightarrow12-x\) nhỏ nhất

Với \(x>12\Rightarrow12-x< 0\Rightarrow A\) là số âm

Với \(x< 12\Rightarrow12-x>0\Rightarrow A_{max}=5\Leftrightarrow x=11\)

A = \(\frac{27-2X}{12-X}\)= \(\frac{24-2X+3}{12-X}\)= \(\frac{\left(12-X\right)\cdot2+3}{12-X}\)=  2 + \(\frac{3}{12-X}\)

Lúc này biểu thức A lớn nhất khi \(\frac{3}{12-x}\) đạt GTLN

Hay 12-x là số tự nhiên nguyên nguyên dương nhỏ nhất là 1 hay x = 11

Lúc này bt A có giá trị là 2+ \(\frac{3}{1}\)= \(2+3=5\)

Vậy bt A đạt GTLN là 5 khi x = 11

\(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=2\)

Lại có \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+x+z}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}\right)\)

Tương tự \(\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)

Cộng vế với vế: \(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.2=1\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=1\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)